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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.60.2017.tde-23112017-101956
Document
Author
Full name
Diego Alberto Ciscato Cusinato
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2017
Supervisor
Committee
Coelho, Eduardo Barbosa (President)
Bastos, Jairo Kenupp
Moraes, Natalia Valadares de
Carmona, Fabio
Pereira, Ana Maria Soares
Title in Portuguese
Influência do EPP-AF® na atividade da glicoproteína P e do citocromo P450 em voluntários sadios usando coquetel de marcadores
Keywords in Portuguese
Coquetel de marcadores
CYP
Doses subterapêuticas
Farmacocinética
Interação
LC-MS/MS
Metabolismo
P-gp
Própolis
Abstract in Portuguese
O EPP-AF® é um extrato padronizado de própolis quimicamente caracterizado e com eficácia e segurança pré-clínica estabelecidas. O objetivo principal deste trabalho foi realizar um ensaio clínico de segurança para avaliar a influência do EPP-AF® na atividade da P-gp e das principais isoformas CYP, através de um teste in vivo tipo coquetel de fármacos marcadores administrados em doses subterapêuticas. Foram investigados 16 voluntários adultos sadios antes e após a exposição a 375 mg de EPP-AF® por via oral durante 15 dias. As amostras seriadas de sangue foram colhidas até 12 h após a administração do coquetel contendo midazolam (0,2 mg), cafeína (10 mg), omeprazol (2 mg), metoprolol (10 mg), losartana (2 mg) e fexofenadina (10 mg). Foram desenvolvidos e validados três métodos analíticos empregando LC-MS/MS para quantificar as concentrações plasmáticas de fexofenadina, losartana, E-3174 (método 1), omeprazol, 5-OH-omeprazol, midazolam, metoprolol, ?-OHmetoprolol (método 2) e cafeína (método 3). Os métodos não apresentaram efeito matriz ou efeito residual e mostraram-se lineares para os analitos nos intervalos de 0,05-20 ng/mL (fexofenadina); 0,03 - 5 ng/mL (losartana e E31-74); 0,1 - 50 ng/mL (omeprazol), 0,3 - 50 ng/mL (5-OH-omeprazol), 0,01 - 10 ng/mL (midazolam), 0,05 - 50 ng/mL (metoprolol e ?- OH-metoprolol) e 5 - 1000 ng/mL (cafeína). Os parâmetros farmacocinéticos dos compostos foram calculados com base nas curvas de concentração plasmática versus tempo (AUC) empregando o programa Phoenix® WinNonlin®. Os valores das razões das AUC0-t e Cmax após e antes da exposição ao EPP-AF®, apresentados como média geométrica (IC90%) foram de 0,74 (0,62 - 0,89) e 0,90 (0,76 - 1,07) para fexofenadina; 0,88 (0,80 - 0,97) e 0,86 (0,76 - 0,98) para losartana; 0,96 (0,83 - 1,11) e 0,91 (0,79 - 1,04) para E-3174; 1,18 (0,91 - 1,54) e 1,21 (0,87- 1,70) para omeprazol; 1,12 (0,95 - 1,31) e 1,22 (0,95 - 1,67) para 5-OHomeprazol; 1,14 (1,03 - 1,28) e 1,21 (1,00 - 1,46) para o midazolam; 1,04 (0,92 - 1,18) e 0,94 (0,80 - 1,12) para o metoprolol; 1,05 (0,99 - 1,12) e 0,99 (0,88 - 1,12) para ?-OH-metoprolol; 0,97 (0,77 - 1,21) e 0,87 (0,69 - 1,11) para a cafeína. Quando observadas as razões metabólicas das AUC0-t E3174/losartana, 5-OH-omeprazol/omeprazol e ?-OHmetoprolol/ metoprolol encontramos, respectivamente, 1,11 (0,98 - 1,25); 0,94 (0,81 - 1,10) e 1,01 (0,88 - 1,16), indicando que, com exceção do CYP2D6, a administração de EPP-AF® nas condições estudadas apresenta potencial para inibição das isoformas CYP2C19 e CYP3A4 e indução das enzimas CYP1A2, CYP2C9 e do transportador de efluxo P-gp, embora as suas magnitudes encontram-se abaixo dos limites definidos pelos órgãos reguladores e portanto não apresentam relevância clínica
Title in English
Effect of EPP-AF® on cytochrome P450 and P-glycoprotein activity in healthy subjects using the cocktail approach
Keywords in English
CYP
DDI
Drug cocktail
LC-MS/MS
Metabolism
P-gp
Pharmacokinetics
Propolis
Subtherapeutic doses
Abstract in English
EPP-AF® is a standardized extract of propolis chemically characterized and with established pre-clinical efficacy and safety. The main objective of this work was to perform a clinical trial to evaluate the effect of EPP-AF® on P-gp and the major CYP isoforms activity, through an in vivo assay using the cocktail approach with sub-therapeutic doses. Sixteen healthy adult volunteers were investigated before and after exposure to orally administered 375 mg/day of EPP-AF® for 15 days. Serum blood samples were collected up to 12 h after the administration of midazolam (0.2 mg), caffeine (10 mg), omeprazole (2 mg), metoprolol (10 mg), losartan (2 mg) and fexofenadine (10 mg). Three analytical methods were developed and validated applying LC-MS/MS to quantify plasma concentrations of fexofenadine, losartan, E-3174 (method 1), omeprazole, 5-OH-omeprazole, midazolam, metoprolol, ?-OH-metoprolol (method 2), and caffeine (Method 3). Neither matrix effect nor carryover effect were observed. The methods were linear for the analytes in the ranges of 0.05 - 20 ng/mL (fexofenadine); 0.03 - 5 ng/ml (losartan and E-3174); 0.1 - 50 ng/mL (omeprazole), 0.3 - 50 ng/mL (5-OH-omeprazole), 0.01 - 10 ng/mL (midazolam), 0.05 - 50 ng/mL (metoprolol and ?-OH-metoprolol) and 5 - 1000 ng/mL (caffeine). The pharmacokinetic parameters of the compounds were calculated based on plasma concentration versus time (AUC) curves applying Phoenix® WinNonlin® software. AUC0-t and Cmax ratios after and before the EPPAF ® exposure, presented as geometric mean (CI 90%) were 0.74 (0.62 - 0.89) and 0.90 (0.76 - 1.07) for fexofenadine, 0.88 (0.80 - 0.97) and 0.86 (0.76 - 0.98) for losartan, 0.96 (0.83 - 1.11) and 0.91 (0.79 - 1.04) for E-3174, 1.18 (0.91 - 1.54) and 1.21 (0.87 - 1.70) for omeprazole; 1.12 (0.95 - 1.31) and 1.22 (0.95 - 1.67) for 5-OH-omeprazole, 1.14 (1.03 - 1.28) and 1.21 (1.00 - 1.46) for midazolam, 1.04 (0.92 - 1.18) and 0.94 (0.80 - 1.12) for metoprolol, 1.05 (0.99 - 1.12) and 0.99 (0.88 - 1.12) for ?-OH-metoprolol, 0.97 (0.77 - 1.21) and 0.87 (0.69 - 1.11) for caffeine. AUC0-t metabolic ratios of E3174/losartan, 5-OH-omeprazole/omeprazole and ?-OH-metoprolol/metoprolol we found to be, respectively, 1.11 (0.98 - 1.25), 0.94 (0.81 - 1.10 ) and 1.01 (0.88 - 1.16), indicating that, with the exception of CYP2D6, the administration of EPP-AF® under the conditions studied shows potential for CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 inhibition and CYP1A2, CYP2C9 and P-gp induction, although their magnitudes are below the limits defined by the regulatory agencies and therefore exhibit no clinical relevance
 
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Publishing Date
2017-12-18
 
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