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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.6.2017.tde-08092017-094017
Document
Author
Full name
Miriam Borges Xavier
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 1979
Supervisor
Committee
Silva, Carlos Celso do Amaral e (President)
Branco, Samuel Murgel
Rocha, Aristides Almeida
Title in Portuguese
Contribuição ao estudo da variação sazonal do fitoplâncton da represa Billings-São Paulo
Keywords in Portuguese
Fitoplâncton
Represa
Variação Sazonal
Abstract in Portuguese
Coletas de amostras de água para o estudo do fitoplâncton foram feitas, quinzenalmente, de outubro de 1977 a setembro de 1978, na Represa Billings, em São Bernardo do Campo, Estado de São Paulo. Foram amostrados dois locais: estação 1, no braço do Rio Grande e estação 2, no braço do Rio Pequeno. Procurou-se efetuar um estudo sazonal característico de clima tropical e subtropical ao abranger períodos consecutivos de chuva e estiagem. A distribuição do "standing-stock" do fitoplâncton foi feita por contagem de organismos em UPA/ml e por determinação da clorofila a. Procurou-se relacionar os resultados obtidos referentes ao fitoplâncton com as variáveis fÍsicas e químicas estudadas, quais sejam: temperatura, cor, turbidez, transparência, condutividade elétrica, pH, oxigênio dissolvido, oxigênio consumido, amônia, nitrito, fosfato e sílica. O máximo quantitativo da população fitoplanctônica foi encontrado no período de estiagem. Qualitativamente, foi obtido no período de chuva. Geralmente, predominaram Mougeotia sp. (Chlorophyceae) na estação 1 e Microcystis aeruginosa (Cyanophyceae) na estação 2, ambas apresentaram variação sazonal acentuada, o que nao aconteceu com as Euglenophyceae, as Chrysophyceae e as Dinophyceae. A temperatura influencia a distribuição quantitativa do fitoplâncton; quando foram registradas temperaturas altas a abundância de fitoplâncton foi menor. Nas estações estudadas, os teores de amônia e nitrato apresentaram variação sazonal acentuada, sendo máximos no período de estiagem. Portanto, houve coincidência no desenvolvimento quantitativo do fitoplâncton e nutrientes (amônia e nitrato). Houve uma correspondência evidente entre os picos de oxigênio dissolvido e a porcentagem de saturação desse gás na água com o pico de fitoplâncton total, evidenciando a contribuição de oxigênio pela fotossíntese. Os dados obtidos referentes ao "standingstock" de fitoplâncton (clorofia a e contagem de organismos), nutrientes (amônia e nitrato) e oxigênio consumido indicam que a Represa Billings constitui um ambiente eutrófico.
Title in English
Contribution to the study of the seasonal variation of the phytoplankton of Billings' dam, Sao Paulo
Keywords in English
Dams
Phytoplankton
Seasonal Variation
Abstract in English
Phytoplankton samples were collected every two weeks at two stations for a period of one year (Oct., 1977 - Sept., 1978). The station 1 is located at Rio Grande and station 2 at Rio Pequeno in the Billings Reservoir, São Bernardo do Campo, State of São Paulo. The standing stock of the phytoplankton was determined by organisms counting and chlorophyll-a determination. An attempt was made to correlate phytoplankton with environmental factors, such as: tide, temperature, color, turbidity, water transparence, electric condutivity, pH, dissolved oxygen, consumed oxygen, ammonia, nitrits, nitrates, phosphates and silica. The phytoplankton consisted mainly of Mougeotia sp. (Chlorophyceae) at station 1 and Microcytis aeruginosa (Cyanophyceae) at station 2. Both groups showed a marked seasonal variation, but Euglenophyceae, Chrysophyceae, and Dinophyceae did not show this pattern. The maximum of phytoplankton was recorded during the draught season. Qualitatively, however, the phytoplankton maximum was recorded during the rainy season. It was also noted an influence of the temperature over the quantitative distribution of the phytoplankton; at high temperatures the phytoplankton abundance was less significant. The ammonia and nitrates concentrations also showed a marked seasonal variation, their peaks attained during the drought period. Therefore, there was a coincidence in the quantitative development of phytoplankton and the amount of nutrients (ammonia and nitrates). The peaks of the dissolved oxygen content of the water, and of the oxygen saturation values were very much related to the phytoplankton peak, showing the oxygen contribution by photosinthesis. The data obtained which refer to the standing stock of phytoplankton (chlorophyll-a and organism counting), nutrients (ammonia and nitrate) and the consumed oxygen indicate that the Billings Reservoir constitutes an eutrophic environment.
 
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Publishing Date
2017-09-08
 
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