• JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
 
  Bookmark and Share
 
 
Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.6.2007.tde-20032008-112512
Document
Author
Full name
Raimundo Paiva da Nobrega
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2007
Supervisor
Committee
Assunção, Joao Vicente de (President)
Nigro, Francisco Emilio Baccaro
Pesquero, Célia Regina
Rothschild, Lilian
Umbuzeiro, Gisela de Aragão
Title in Portuguese
Investigação de dioxinas, furanos, hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos no material particulado e gases emitidos por motores diesel
Keywords in Portuguese
Atividade mutagênica
Dioxinas
Furanos
Hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos
Motores diesel E
Abstract in Portuguese
Investigar, em motores veiculares pesados, alimentados com combustível diesel, a emissão de dioxinas e furanos clorados (PCDD/Fs) e hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos (PAHs), através da análise de material particulado e gases do sistema de exaustão. Investigar a mutagenicidade do material particulado e gases coletados. Material e Métodos: Os testes de emissão foram feitos em banco de provas dinamométrico de bancada de acordo com Ciclo 13 Pontos de testes, utilizando-se motores Diesel nacionais de aplicação veícular. Um mini-túnel de diluição foi usado para obtenção de amostras de material particulado. As análises de PCDD/Fs e PAHs foram realizadas em laboratório nacional. Para a análise de PCDD/Fs utilizou-se o método USEPA 8290 (1994) e para a análise de PAHs foi utilizado o método USEPA TO 13A (1999). A análise de mutagenicidade foi realizada de acordo com o Teste de Ames (TA98). Resultados: As medições de PCDD/Fs indicaram em geral valores abaixo do limite de detecção do método analítico. Em uma das amostras foi verificado que o OCDD ficou acima do limite de detecção, enquanto em outra isto ocorreu para o OCDF e para o 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF. Em relação aos PAHs analisados verificou-se a presença dos seguintes compostos: Naftaleno, Acenaftileno, Acenafteno, Fluoreno, Fenantreno, Antraceno, Fluoranteno, Pireno, Benzo[a]antraceno, Criseno, Benzo[b]fluoranteno, Benzo[k]fluoranteno. A média encontrada para 5 amostras analisadas foi de 3.580,5 µg/g de material particulado. Os PAHs encontrados neste trabalho indicam alguma similaridade com a literatura disponível, para valores em % e µg/g de material particulado total coletado. O teste de Ames indicou que o material particulado coletado de motores diesel tem alta atividade mutagênica. Conclusões: A emissão de PCDD/Fs, para o nível de tecnologia dos motores Diesel testados mostrou-se pouco significativa, considerando-se combustível conforme especificado e método e limite de detecção utillizados. Em relação aos PAHs, os resultados indicaram que motores diesel têm uma contribuição importante na formação destes compostos. A alta atividade mutagênica observada mostra que as emissões de veículos Diesel são potencialmente tóxicas. Recomenda-se a continuidade de estudos para definição da regulamentação desses poluentes.
Title in English
Investigation of dioxins, furans and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in particulate material and gases emitted by diesel engines.
Keywords in English
Air
Diesel engines
Dioxins
Emissions
Furans
Mutagenic activity
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
Abstract in English
To investigate emission of chlorinated dioxins and furans (PCDD/Fs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in heavy duty diesel engines, through the analysis of particulate material and gases in the exhaust.To verify mutagenicity of collected particulate material and gasesous sample extracts. Material and Methods: The engine emissions tests were done in dynamometer test bench according to 13-Mode Cycle, using brazilian engines, vehicle application. A mini dilution tunnel was used to obtain particulate matter and gaseous sample. PCDD/Fs and PAHs analyses were carried out in a certified national laboratory. Dioxins and furans were analyzed according with Method 8290 (USEPA, 1994) and PAHs by Method TO13A (USEPA, 1999). The mutagenicity analyses were done in accordance with Ames test (TA98) Results: The measurements of dioxins and furans in diesel engines operating in controlled conditions in dynamomter bench test, had indicated emissions values in general below the detention limit of the analytical method. In one of the samples it was verified that the OCDD was above the detention limit, while in another one this occurred for OCDF and 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF. In relation to 16 PAHs it was verified the presence of the following compounds: Naphthalene, Acenaphthylene, Acenaphthene, Fluorene, Phenanthrene, Antracene, Fluorantene, Pyrene, Benzo[a]antracene, Chrysene, Benzo[b]fluoranthene and Benzo[k]fluorantene. The average value of the sum of PAHs found in five samples was 3,580.5 µg.g-1. The PAHs found in this study indicates some similarity with available literature for values in % and µg/g of particulate matter.The Ames test showed that the collected particulate material from diesel engines presents high mutagenic activity. Conclusion: The emission of PCDD/Fs, for the level of technology of the tested Diesel engines revealed little significant, considering the specified fuel, method of analysis and limit of detention used. In relation to the 16 PAHs, the tests results had indicated that diesel engines has an important contribution in the formation of these compounds. The high mutagenic activity observed shows that the emissions of Diesel vehicles are potentially toxic. The continuity of studies for definition of the regulation of these pollutants is recommended.
 
WARNING - Viewing this document is conditioned on your acceptance of the following terms of use:
This document is only for private use for research and teaching activities. Reproduction for commercial use is forbidden. This rights cover the whole data about this document as well as its contents. Any uses or copies of this document in whole or in part must include the author's name.
RaimundoPaivaNobrega.pdf (944.95 Kbytes)
Publishing Date
2008-03-25
 
WARNING: Learn what derived works are clicking here.
All rights of the thesis/dissertation are from the authors
CeTI-SC/STI
Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations of USP. Copyright © 2001-2024. All rights reserved.