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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.6.2007.tde-16022007-131323
Document
Author
Full name
Teresa Gontijo de Castro
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2006
Supervisor
Committee
Cardoso, Marly Augusto (President)
Lira, Pedro Israel Cabral de
Monteiro, Carlos Augusto
Souza, Jose Maria Pacheco de
Venancio, Sonia Isoyama
Title in Portuguese
Anemia ferropriva na infância: prevalência e fatores associados na Amazônia ocidental brasileira
Keywords in Portuguese
Amazônia Brasileira
Anemia Ferropriva
Nutrição infantil
Saúde infantil
Abstract in Portuguese
Objetivo: Descrever o estado nutricional de crianças menores de 5 anos residentes em 2 municípios da Amazônia Brasileira. Métodos: Inquérito transversal de base populacional em crianças residentes na área urbana de Assis Brasil (n = 200) e Acrelândia (n = 477), Estado do Acre, Brasil. Resultados: Os resultados foram apresentados na forma de 3 artigos: 1) Saúde e nutrição infantil na Amazônia Ocidental Brasileira: inquéritos de base populacional em dois municípios acreanos; 2) Prevalência e fatores associados ao risco para anemia ferropriva entre pré-escolares da Amazônia brasileira; 3) Dietary practices and nutritional status of 0-24-month-old children from Brazilian Amazonia. Conclusões principais: Diagnosticaram-se déficits nutricionais, segundo os índices P/E, P/I e E/I, em 3,7%, 8,7% e 7,5% das crianças examinadas, respectivamente. As prevalências gerais de anemia, deficiência de ferro e anemia ferropriva foram de 30,6%, 43,5% e 20,9%, respectivamente. Ser menor de 24 meses [Razão das Chances-(RC) = 13,72; Intervalo com 95% de confiança (IC95%) = 5,66-33,27] e história de episódio recente de diarréia (RC=1,57; IC95%=1,01-2,45) foram associados ao risco para anemia ferropriva; porém, pertencer ao maior tercil do índice de riqueza foi associado à proteção (RC= 0,48; IC95%=0,28-0,82). Entre as crianças menores de 2 anos, o aleitamento materno foi iniciado por 97,3% das mães. Foi observada precoce introdução de alimentos (prevalência de aleitamento materno exclusivo entre menores de 6 meses: 31,4%). O padrão alimentar da dieta de desmame foi caracterizado por alta ingestão de alimentos ricos em carboidratos e leite de vaca, com ingestão insuficiente de frutas, vegetais e carnes. Todas as crianças de 6-12 meses e 92,3% das crianças de 12 a 24 meses estavam em risco de consumo inadequado de ferro, sendo observado baixo consumo de ferro biodisponível (ferro proveniente de alimentos de origem animal contribuiu em média com 0,5% do total de ferro entre crianças de 6-12 meses e com 14,3% entre crianças de 12-24 meses).
Title in English
Iron deficiency anemia in childhood: prevalence and associated factors in Brazilian Amazonia.
Keywords in English
Brazilian Amazonia
Child health
Childhood nutrition
Iron deficiency anemia
Abstract in English
Objective: To describe the nutritional status of preschool children living in Brazilian Amazonia. Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study was carried out in the urban area of the towns of Acrelândia (n=477) e Assis Brasil (n=200), Acre State. Results: The results are presented in 3 articles: 1) Child health and nutrition in Western Brazilian Amazon: population-based surveys in two towns in Acre State; 2) Prevalence and associated factors with iron deficiency anemia in preschool children in Brazilian Amazonia; 3) Dietary practices and nutritional status of 0-24-month-old children from Brazilian Amazonia. Conclusions: The overall prevalence rates of low weight-for-height, low weight-for-age and low height-for-age were respectively 3.7%, 8.7% and 7.5%, with similar figures in both towns. Anemia, iron deficiency, and iron deficiency anemia were diagnosed in 30.6%, 43.5%, and 20.9% of the children, respectively. Age under 24 months (Odds Ratio – OR = 13.7; 95% Confidence Interval – CI = 5.66-33.27) and history of a recent diarrhea episode (OR=1.57; 95% CI = 1.01-2.45) were associated with a risk for iron deficiency anemia; however; the highest tertile of wealth index was a protector factor for iron deficiency anemia. Among under-twos, breastfeeding was initiated by 97.3% of mothers. Early feeding with complementary foods was observed (prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding in babies under 6 months: 31.4%). Dietary pattern reflected a high intake of carbohydrate-rich foods and cow’s milk, with irregular intakes of fruit, vegetables and meat. All infants and 92.3% of toddlers were at risk of inadequate iron intakes. Iron from animal foods contributed on average 0.5% and 14.3% of total dietary iron among infants and toddlers, respectively.
 
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Publishing Date
2007-03-14
 
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