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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.6.2008.tde-13112008-115901
Document
Author
Full name
Letícia Bertoldi Sanches
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2008
Supervisor
Committee
Damasceno, Nágila Raquel Teixeira (President)
Asakura, Leiko
Martini, Ligia Araujo
Title in Portuguese
Influência do sobrepeso e da obesidade em adolescentes na geração de lipoproteínas de baixa densidade eletronegativa (LDL)
Keywords in Portuguese
Adolescentes
Dislipidemias
Lipoproteina de Baixa Densidade Eletronegativa
Nutrição
Obesidade
Oxidação
Abstract in Portuguese
Introdução: A obesidade e uma doenca cronica, com determinantes geneticos, metabolicos e comportamentais, que se caracteriza pelo acumulo de adiposidade no organismo. Em paralelo, as modificacoes oxidativas da lipoproteina da baixa densidade (LDL) tambem estao aumentadas na obesidade, gerando LDL minimamente oxidada, tambem chamada de LDL eletronegativa (LDL-). Nesse contexto, os adolescentes, com sua intensa mudanca de habitos alimentares, comportamentos sociais e alteracoes anatomo-fisiologicas, compoem um grupo com risco de sobrepeso e obesidade aumentado. Objetivo: Avaliar a influencia do sobrepeso e da obesidade na geracao da lipoproteina de baixa densidade eletronegativa (LDL-) em adolescentes. Metodologia: Cento e cinquenta adolescentes com idade entre 10 e 15 anos, de ambos os sexos, foram avaliados quanto a antropometria (peso, altura, circunferencias de braco e cintura) e o habito alimentar (Questionario de Frequencia Alimentar). Avaliou-se ainda o conteudo de LDL- e seus auto-anticorpos, o perfil lipidico, marcadores inflamatorios (IL-6 e PCR) e antioxidantes plasmaticos (-tocoferol e retinol). Resultados: O perfil lipidico do grupo Obeso apresentou diferenca significativa em relacao aos Eutroficos observando maiores concentracoes para Colesterol total (p=0,007) e LDL-c (p=0,033) e menores concentracoes para HDL-c (p=0,001). O conteudo de colesterol associado a VLDL e os Triglicerideos foi semelhante entre grupos (p=0,126). Em relacao ao conteudo de LDL- no plasma, o grupo Eutrofico apresentou valores inferiores aos grupos Sobrepeso (p=0,021) e Obeso (p=0,015). Para as concentracoes de auto-anticorpos anti-LDL- nao houve diferenca significativa entre os grupos. Para a concentracao de IL-6 os 3 grupos apresentaram comportamento estatisticamente semelhante (p=0,678). De modo contrario, 11 a concentracao plasmatica de PCR nos grupos Sobrepeso e Obeso foi superior a observada no grupo Eutrofico (p<0,001). Avaliando os antioxidantes, a concentracao de -tocoferol no grupo Eutrofico apresentou valores superiores aos grupos Sobrepeso (p=0,012) e Obeso (p<0,001), sendo esses semelhantes entre si (p=0,798). A avaliacao dos habitos alimentares, atraves do QFA, o grupo Obeso apresentou consumo de energia, proteinas, carboidratos, vitaminas A, E e C e fibras superior ao grupo Eutrofico (p= 0,016, p= 0,045, p = 0,004, p=0,044, p=0,028, p=0,017 e p=0,024 respectivamente). Apos o ajuste pela energia, somente proteinas (p=0,002) e retinol (p=0,049) apresentaram valores diferentes entre os grupos. Conclusões: Os resultados obtidos mostraram que adolescentes obesos e com sobrepeso apresentam perfil metabolico e oxidativo alterado em relacao aos adolescentes eutroficos. Portanto, o monitoramento de variaveis bioquimicas em adolescentes, torna-se importante para o diagnostico precoce de obesidade e doencas associadas.
Title in English
Influence of overweight and obesity in adolescents in generation of electronegative low density lpoproteins
Keywords in English
Adolescents
Dyslipidemia
Electronegative Lowdensity Lipoprotein
Nutrition
Obesity
Oxidation
Abstract in English
Introduction: Some evidence suggests that the prevalence of overweight and obesity has significantly increased in the pediatric population. Obesity represents a chronic and inflammatory disease, where oxidative modification is associated. Many factors modulate the oxidative susceptibility of LDL and produces the LDL- and diet is considered very important in this process. Subnormal antioxidant levels may contribute to the increased risk of atherosclerosis in obese subjects. Objective: to evaluate the influence of overweight and obesity on eletronegative low density lipoprotein (LDL-) in adolescents. Methodology: The sample was composed for 150 adolescents, with 10 to 15 years old, both gender. They were evaluated by anthropometric profile and habitual food consumption. After 12 hour of fat, a blood sample was collected, and from the serum, was analyzed the serum lipids, LDL- and you respective antibodies, inflammatory profile (PCR and IL-6) and the alfa-tocopherol and retinol concentrations. Results: The serum lipids had a significant difference between Eutrophic and Obese group for of total- cholesterol (p=0,007), HDL-c (p=0,001) and LDL-c (p=0,033), but for VLDL-c and TG they were similar (p=0,126). On the content of LDL- in plasma, in Eutrophic group had lower values than Overweight (p=0,021) and Obeso groups (p=0015). For the concentrations of Auto-antibodies anti-LDL- there was no significant difference between groups. For the concentration of IL-6 the 3 groups had statistically similar behavior (p=0678). In contrary, the plasma concentration of CRP in Overweight and Obese groups was higher than Eutrophic group (p<0001). Judging from the antioxidants, the concentration of alfa-tocopherol in the Eutrophic group showed values greater than Overweight (p=0012) and Obese groups (p<0001), wich are similar to each other (p=0798). The assessment of habitual food consumption, through the FFQ, the Obese group presented consumption of energy, protein, carbohydrate, vitamins A, E and C and fiber above the group Eutrophic (p=0016, p=0045, p=0004, p=0028, p=0017, respectively). After adjusting for energy, only protein (p=0002) and retinol (p=0049) had different values between the groups. Conclusions: The present study shows that overweight and obese adolescents showed a metabolic and oxidative profile worse than eutrophic adolescents. Therefore, the monitoring of clinical and biochemical variables in adolescents, it is important for early diagnosis of obesity and related diseases.
 
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Publishing Date
2008-11-17
 
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