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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.59.2016.tde-08082016-102711
Document
Author
Full name
Jeanninny Carla Comniskey
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2016
Supervisor
Committee
Langer, Max Cardoso (President)
Basso, Juliana de Moraes Leme
Bosetti, Elvio Pinto
Ghilardi, Renato Pirani
Pacheco, Mirian Liza Alves Forancelli
Title in Portuguese
Revisão sistemática, tafonomia, distribuição geográfica e estratigráfica da classe Tentaculitoidea no Devoniano brasileiro
Keywords in Portuguese
Bacia do Amazonas
Bacia do Paraná
Bacia do Parnaíba
Classe Tentaculitoidea
Devoniano. Tentaculites
Homoctenus. Styliolina
Uniconus
Abstract in Portuguese
Os tentaculitoideos são invertebrados marinhos extintos comumente encontrados nos estratos devonianos brasileiros. São reconhecidos pelo formato da concha coniforme carbonática com pequenas dimensões. Na América do Sul, o registro dos primeiros tentaculitoideos ocorreu durante o início do Siluriano, com o gênero Tentaculites. Representantes das ordens Dacryoconarida e Homoctenida foram encontrados a partir do Devoniano Inferior. No Brasil o grupo possui registro nas bacias do Paraná (Formações Ponta Grossa e São Domingos), Amazonas (Formações Maecuru e Ererê) e Parnaíba (Formação Cabeças). As análises sistemáticas demonstraram a presença dos gêneros Tentaculites e Styliolina (foram constatados nas Bacias do Amazonas, Paraná e Parnaíba) e Uniconus e Homoctenus (registro apenas para a Bacia do Paraná). Foram reconhecidos 8 representantes da ordem Tentaculitida, 2 da ordem Homoctenida e 2 dacryoconarídeos. As espécies Tentaculites crotalinus, Tentaculites jaculus, Tentaculites kozlowskius, Tentaculites paranaensis, Uniconus ciguelius, Homoctenus katzerius e Styliolina cf. Styliolina fissurella foram encontradas na Bacia do Paraná. Já as espécies Tentaculites eldredgianus, Tentaculites trombetensis e Styliolina clavulus encontradas nas Bacias do Amazonas e do Parnaíba. Enquanto que a espécie Tentaculites stubeli somente registrada para a Bacia do Amazonas e Tentaculites oseryi apenas para a Bacia do Parnaíba. Nas bacias do Amazonas e do Parnaíba só existe registro das ordens Tentaculitida e Dacryoconarida. Verificaram-se dois padrões de preservação: espécimes isolados e agrupados, desses padrões foram estabelecidas 6 classes tafonômicas, as quais foram distribuídas de acordo com a paleobatimetria, foram registradas em ambientes de shoreface, offshore transicional e offshore. Foi observado que os tentaculitoideos do Devoniano da Bacia do Paraná possuem uma preferência por ambientes mais calmos, localizados entre o Nível de Base de Tempo Bom (NBOTB) e o Nível de Base de Tempestade (NBOT). As classes analisadas encontram-se distribuídas entre as sequências B e E do Devoniano da Bacia do Paraná. Não foram encontradas feições bioestratinômicas como incrustação e predação. As análises com Espectroscopia de Energia Dispersiva (MEV-EDS) e Energia Dispersiva de Fluorescência de Raios-X (EDXRF) evidenciaram a presença de crômio e pirita nas amostras, características de ambientes anóxicos, corroborando com a hipótese que a extinção da classe esteja relacionada a uma grande extinção global.
Title in English
Systematic review, taphonomy, geographic and stratigraphic distribution of Tentaculitoidea class in Brazilian Devonian.
Keywords in English
Amazonas Basin
Class Tentaculitoidea
Devonian
Homoctenus
Paraná Basin
Parnaíba Basin
Styliolina
Tentaculites
Uniconus
Abstract in English
The Tentaculitoidea are extinct invertebrates, exclusively marine, commonly found in Brazilian Devonian strata. They are recognized by the conic shell shape, this being, carbonate with small dimensions. In South America, the record of the first tentaculitoideos occurred during the early Silurian, with Tentaculites genus. Representatives of Dacryoconarida and Homoctenida orders were found from the Lower Devonian. In Brazil, the group is registered in the Paraná basins (Ponta Grossa and São Domingo Formations), Amazonas (Maecuru and Ererê Formations) and Parnaíba (Cabeças Formation). Systematic analysis showed the presence of Tentaculites and Styliolina genus (were found in the Amazon, Paraná and Parnaíba Basin) Uniconus and Homoctenus (registration only for the Paraná Basin). Were registered 8 representatives of Tentaculitida order, 2 Homoctenida order and 2 dacryoconarídeos. The species Tentaculites crotalinus, Tentaculites jaculus, Tentaculites kozlowskius, Tentaculites paranaensis, Uniconus ciguelius, Homoctenus katzerius e Styliolina cf. Styliolina fissurella were found in the Paraná Basin. Already species Tentaculites eldredgianus, Tentaculites trombetensis and Styliolina clavulus found in the Amazonas and Parnaíba Basin. While Tentaculites stubeli only recorded for the Amazonas Basin and Tentaculites oseryi only for the Parnaíba Basin. In the Amazonas and Parnaíba basins exists only record of Tentaculitida and Dacryoconarida orders. Two preservation patterns were observed: isolated and grouped specimens. Were established 6 Taphonomic classes, which were distributed according to paleobathymetry were recorded in shoreface environments, offshore transitional and offshore. It was observed that the Tentaculitoidea of the Paraná Basin have a preference for quieter environments, located between the Fair Weather Wave-Base (FWWB) and Storm Wave-Base (SWB). The analyzed classes are distributed among the sequences B and E in the Devonian of the Paraná Basin. There were no biostratinomy features as incrustation and predation. The analysis with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and Energy Dispersive Fluorescence X-rays (EDXRF) revealed the presence of chromium and pyrite in the samples, characteristic of anoxic environments, supporting the hypothesis that the extinction of the class is related a major global extinction.
 
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Publishing Date
2016-12-05
 
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