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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.59.2018.tde-08052018-075244
Document
Author
Full name
Tácila Gabriele Lopes
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2018
Supervisor
Committee
Tedesco, Antonio Claudio (President)
Freitas, Luis Alexandre Pedro de
Naal, Rose Mary Zumstein Georgetto
Tiera, Márcio José
Title in Portuguese
Nanocarreadores proteicos e fotoativos no tratamento de doenças neurológicas
Keywords in Portuguese
Nanocarreadores poliméricos e proteicos; Cross-linking; Terapia fotodinâmica; Glioblastoma multiforme
Abstract in Portuguese
O desenvolvimento de nanocarreadores a base de albumina são considerados biocompatíveis e biodegradáveis, e tem sido extensivamente estudada com objetivo de novas alternativas de tratamento para inúmeras doenças. A característica mais relevante reside no fato de que estes sistemas proteicos serem capazes de atravessar a barreira Hematoencefálica (BHE) e atingir as células-alvo, a partir de sinalizações por canais específicos na barreira cerebral. Por serem proteínas com ligações covalentes, pode-se afirmar que o processo de clivagem proteolítica tende a ser realizado pelas enzimas pertencente à família das proteases. Dada à importância desses sistemas de entrega de fármacos (DDS) e sua eficaz permeação através da BHE, propôs-se um desenvolvimento científico multidisciplinar combinando-se protocolos, técnicas e ensaios experimentais das áreas de tecnologia farmacêutica, nanotecnologia e química para realização da incorporação do fotoativo ou outros compostos, como a ftalocianina de cloro alumínio (AlClPc ou Pc) livre e/ou pré encapsuladas e as nanopartículas magnéticas, nestes sistemas de DDS conhecidos como nanopartícula de albumina (NpA). Dentre as técnicas usadas nestes estudos destaca-se tanto o método de cross-linking térmico (via Térmica) quanto o químico (via Química), sendo que no segundo, foram utilizados 2 reagentes distintos, o glutaraldeído e o gliceraldeído, os quais foram analisados e comparados neste projeto de pesquisa. Análises de Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV), Microscopia de Força Atômica (MFA), medidas de estabilidade por ZetaSizer demonstraram claramente que as nanopartículas preparadas pelos diferentes reagentes possuíam formato esféricos, diâmetro médio em torno de 200 nm e eram homogêneas, entretanto, apenas os nanocarreadores preparados com GU apresentaram elevada repulsão eletrostática (prevenindo a agregação das mesmas). Após caracterização, os estudos foram baseados na utilização da AlClPc como fotoativo aplicado a terapia fotodinâmica (TFD) para o tratamento in vitro das doenças que acometem o sistema nervoso central (SNC).
Title in English
Protein nanocarriers and photoactives in the treatment of neurological diseases
Keywords in English
Albumin nanoparticles; Aluminum chlorine phthalocyanine and magnetic nanoparticles; Chemical and thermal cross-linking; Photodynamic therapy and U87MG
Abstract in English
The development of albumin-based nanocarriers, which are nontoxic and biocompatible and biodegradable, have been extensively studied for seeking new alternatives of the treatment for numerous diseases. The most relevant characteristic is that these protein-based systems could across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and selectively achieve the target cells within of the brain. These nanocarriers are proteins-based and have covalent bonds, and consequently it can be digested by a class of enzymes belonging to the protease family, which rapidly degrade the protein-based nanoparticles through of the proteolytic cleavage process. Given the importance of these drug delivery systems (DDS) and their effective permeation through BBB, it was proposed a multidisciplinary scientific development combining protocols, techniques and experimental tests of the areas of pharmaceutical technology, nanotechnology and chemistry to carry out the incorporation of the photoactive or another compound, as aluminum chlorine phthalocyanine (AlClPc or Pc), free and/or pre-encapsulated or magnetic nanoparticles in these albumin-based DDS systems known as albumin nanoparticles (NpA). Among the techniques used in these studies we highlight by thermal cross-linking method (via Thermal) and chemistry (via Chemistry), in this second, it was used 2 reagents, glutaraldehyde and glyceraldehyde, that were analyzed and compared in this research project. From Scanning Electron Microscopy, Atomic Force Microcopy, Zeta potential measurements, we have clearly shown that the elaborated nanoparticles (NPs) have a smaller size with a spherical shape and are more homogeneous, however only the nanoparticles prepared with glutaraldehyde showed greater electronic repulsion (preventing their aggregation). After the characterization, the studies were based on the use of AlClPc as a photoactive applied in the photodynamic therapy (PDT) for the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) diseases.
 
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Publishing Date
2018-06-21
 
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