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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.59.2016.tde-18022016-114911
Document
Author
Full name
Francielle Xavier Dias
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2015
Supervisor
Committee
Bairrao, Jose Francisco Miguel Henriques (President)
Pinto, Maria Paula Panuncio
Silva, Luiz Carlos Avelino da
Title in Portuguese
Representações sociais de doença mental construídas por profissionais de saúde
Keywords in Portuguese
doença mental
profissionais de saúde
representações sociais
saúde mental
serviços de saúde
Abstract in Portuguese
A loucura teve sua representação elaborada historicamente e significada no contexto científico enquanto doença mental, possibilitando uma semiótica médica do diagnóstico, prognóstico e plano de tratamento. Diante disso, nesta pesquisa colocou-se o discurso sobre a doença mental no centro das investigações sobre os processos de interpretação e subjetivação, de sujeitos profissionais que lidam cotidianamente com o fenômeno. Nesse sentido, este trabalho objetivou investigar as representações sociais de profissionais de um serviço público de saúde mental sobre a doença mental, fundamentada no método de análise das representações sociais, segundo Moscovici (1978, 2004), Jodelet (2005a) e Jovchelovitch (1998). O contexto estudado foi um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial III no município de Ribeirão Preto, Brasil. É sabido que as representações de saúde e doença influenciam os paradigmas envolvidos nas práticas de diagnóstico e tratamento. Os procedimentos de coleta de dados contemplaram a observação participante e, a realização de entrevistas em profundidade, com roteiro temático. A escolha dos sujeitos (n=10) procurou contemplar a heterogeneidade do grupo estudado. As entrevistas foram analisadas de acordo com a técnica da análise de conteúdo (Bardin, 1979) e organizadas em categorias temáticas. Os resultados apontaram que as representações sociais dos profissionais foram construídas através da relação com os pares e a incorporação de novos conhecimentos. A doença mental permaneceu romantizada até o contato profissional com pacientes. A etiologia da doença mais aceita pelos profissionais foi a interacionista biopsicossocial. O discurso destes se diferencia dos leigos quanto às causas e melhores formas de tratamento, sendo que estas são idealizadas. As representações sociais dos profissionais compreendem a doença mental como algo imprevisível, incapacitante e permanente, sendo objetivada na imagem do deficiente como incapaz. Observou-se também que o paradigma psicossocial alimenta o discurso dos profissionais de saúde, mas ainda é um desafio para estes na prática.
Title in English
Social representations of mental illness developed by health professionals
Keywords in English
health professionals
health services
mental health
mental illness
social representations
Abstract in English
The madness had its representation developed historically and signified in a scientific context as a mental illness, enabling medical semiotics of diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. Therefore, this research put this speech on mental illness at the center of investigations into the processes of interpretation and subjectivity of subject professionals who labor daily with the phenomenon. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the social representations of professionals from a public mental health service about mental illness, based on the method of analysis of social representations, according to Moscovici (1978, 2004), Jodelet (2005a) and Jovchelovitch (1998). The context studied was a Centro de Atenção Psicossocial III in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. It is well known that health and ilness influence paradigms involved in diagnosis and treatment practices. Data acquisition was made by observations and in-depth interviews. The subjects (n=10) were chosen in order to guarantee the heterogeneity of the group The interviews were analyzed according to the technique of content analysis (Bardin, 1979) and organized into thematic categories. Data analysis pointed that professional´s social representations were built by relationship with their peers and incorporation of new knowledges. Mental illness remained romanticized to the professional until it´s contact with patients. The etiology of the disease more accepted by professionals was the biopsychosocial interactional. Their vision regarding the causes and treatment of mental illness are different from ordinary people, but it remains idealized. The social representation of professionals comprehends mental illness as something unpredictable, disabling and permanent, objectified in the image of the poor and helpless. It was also observed that the psychosocial paradigm feeds the speech of health professionals, but it is still a challenge for these in practice.
 
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Publishing Date
2016-04-28
 
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