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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.59.2009.tde-15042009-195532
Document
Author
Full name
Erika Natacha Fernandes de Andrade
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2009
Supervisor
Committee
Cunha, Marcus Vinicius da (President)
Cianflone, Ana Raquel Lucato
Valdemarin, Vera Teresa
Title in Portuguese
O discurso de John Dewey sobre natureza humana e conduta: contribuições à psicologia e à educação
Keywords in Portuguese
Análise Retórica
John Dewey
Psicologia Social
Abstract in Portuguese
O ponto de partida da presente pesquisa foi a constatação de que o tema natureza humana constitui uma das bases fundamentais do pensamento do filósofo e educador John Dewey (EUA, 18591952), abrangendo suas elaborações no campo estrito da filosofia, bem como nos terrenos da psicologia, da política e da educação. Para o autor, é imprescindível dar tratamento científico à noção de natureza humana, mediante uma perspectiva que considere o homem um ser coletivo. Nessa formulação, surge como problema a necessidade de uma ciência social formada por saberes diretamente voltados ao entendimento da experiência humana no âmbito da cultura; destaca-se também a relevância das investigações desenvolvidas na área da psicologia, uma vez que tal ciência, para Dewey, é essencial para o pensar filosófico, pois se ocupa das manifestações particulares que permitem compreender o homem em sua totalidade. A pesquisa realizada teve por objetivo compreender a noção deweyana de natureza humana, analisando, para isso, a obra Human nature and conduct: an introduction to Social Psychology, de 1922. A metodologia de análise deste trabalho seguiu os estudos desenvolvidos pelo Grupo de Pesquisa Retórica e Argumentação na Pedagogia, que focaliza as teorias da argumentação elaboradas por autores como Perelman e Toulmin. Tal método qualitativo de análise permitiu o exame do discurso de Dewey sobre a natureza humana e a conduta, possibilitando, conseqüentemente, reflexões sobre as manifestações do filósofo acerca do psiquismo, do trabalho inteligente da mente e da comunicação associada como meio de formar e educar o homem. Vimos que o discurso deweyano identifica-se com a filosofia prática, pois se destina a elaborar propostas de ação, culminando com a proposição de uma ciência para estudar e transformar o homem. Os resultados da pesquisa realizada permitiram, também, obter uma compreensão das interlocuções de John Dewey com a comunidade de ouvintes/leitores de suas teses, bem como a relação do autor com as várias tradições filosóficas e psicológicas, cujas noções são aceitas ou refutadas a fim de conduzir o auditório a novos acordos.
Title in English
John Dewey's speech about human nature and conduct: contributions to psychology and education.
Keywords in English
John Dewey
Rhetoric Analysis
Social Psychology
Abstract in English
The starting point of the present research was the verification that the theme "human nature" constitutes one of the fundamental bases of the thought of the philosopher and educator John Dewey (USA, 1859-1952), including his elaborations in the strict field of philosophy, as well as in the lands of psychology, politics and education. To the author it is indispensable to give a scientific treatment to the notion of human nature, through a perspective that considers the man a collective being. In this formulation, it appears as a problem the need of a social science formed by knowings directly inclined to the understanding of human experience in cultures extent; it also stands out the relevance of the investigations developed in psychological area, once for Dewey, psychology as a science is essential for the philosophical thinking because it studies those private manifestations that allow us to understand the man in his totality. The accomplished research aimed to understand the Deweyan notion of human nature analyzing, for that, the book Human nature and conduct: an introduction Social to Psychology, 1922. The methodology of analysis of this work followed the studies developed in the Research Group "Rhetoric and Argumentation in Pedagogy", which focuses its attention to the argumentations theories elaborated by authors as Perelman and Toulmin. Such a qualitative method of analysis allowed us to exam Deweys speech about human nature and conduct, making possible, consequently, reflections about his manifestations concerning the psyche, the intelligent work of the mind and associated communication as a way to form and educate the man. We saw that deweyan speech identifies itself with practical philosophy, as it is destined to elaborate proposals of action culminating with the proposition of a science to study and transform the man. The results of the accomplished research also allowed us to obtain an understanding of John Dewey's dialogues with the community of listeners/readers of his thesis, as well as this author's relationship with the several philosophical and psychological traditions, whose notions are accepted or refuted in order to drive the auditorium to new agreements.
 
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Publishing Date
2009-04-22
 
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