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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.5.2018.tde-01112018-123739
Document
Author
Full name
Marina Alessandra Pereira
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2018
Supervisor
Committee
Júnior, Ulysses Ribeiro (President)
Dias, André Roncon
Kassab, Paulo
Rodriguez, Tomás Navarro
Title in Portuguese
Vírus Epstein-Barr, instabilidade de microssatélite e expressão de PD-L1 nos adenocarcinomas gástricos: aspectos clínico-patológicos e prognósticos
Keywords in Portuguese
Biomarcadores
Carcinogênese
Herpesvírus humano 4
Imuno-histoquímica
Instabilidade de microssatélites
Neoplasias gástricas
Prognóstico
Abstract in Portuguese
Introdução: O câncer gástrico (CG) foi recentemente categorizado em subtipos moleculares, os quais incluem os tumores Epstein-Barr (EBV)-positivo e com instabilidade de microssatélites (MSI). Esta distinção pode nos fornecer informações prognósticas e identificar alvos terapêuticos, tais como o PD-L1. Objetivo: O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a presença de EBV, MSI e expressão de PD-L1 no CG e suas associações com características clinicopatológicas e prognósticas. Métodos: Foram avaliados retrospectivamente 287 pacientes com CG submetidos à gastrectomia D2 com intenção curativa entre 2009 e 2016, através da técnica de tissue microarray. As proteínas de reparo do DNA (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2) e o PD-L1 foram avaliados por imuno-histoquímica. O EBV foi avaliado por hibridação in situ. Resultados: Identificou-se a presença de EBV e MSI em 10,5% e 27% dos CGs, respectivamente. A maioria dos CGs com MSI apresentou perda simultânea da expressão de MLH1 e PMS2 (60%). O CG EBV-positivo associou-se ao sexo masculino (p=0,032), localização proximal (p < 0,001), tipo indeterminado de Lauren (p < 0,001), histologia pouco diferenciada (p=0,043) e infiltrado inflamatório acentuado (p < 0,001). Os tumores com MSI foram associados à idade mais avançada (p=0,002), gastrectomia subtotal (p=0,004), pN0 (p=0,024) e ao estágio pTNM menos avançado (p=0,020). Observou-se a imunoexpressão de PD-L1 em 8,8% dos casos, com expressão predominante no CG EBV-positivo (p < 0,001). O CG com MSI apresentou melhor sobrevida livre de doença (p=0,006) e sobrevida global (p=0,049) comparado ao EBV-negativo/microssatélite estável (MSS). Na análise multivariada, o status MSI/MSS permaneceu como fator de risco independente associado à recidiva da doença. Conclusão: O CG EBV-positivo apresentou aumento da expressão de PD-L1, enquanto o CG com MSI relacionou-se à melhor sobrevida. Ambos os subgrupos representam entidades distintas de CG e sua identificação é viável por técnicas diagnósticas convencionais. A caracterização destes subtipos de CG possibilita a aplicação de terapias direcionadas e permite ampliar o poder prognóstico dos atuais sistemas de classificação e estadiamento
Title in English
Epstein-Barr virus, microsatellite instability and PD-L1 expression in gastric adenocarcinomas: clinicopathological and prognostic aspects
Keywords in English
Biomarkers
Carcinogenesis
Herpervirus4 human
Immunohistochemistry
Microsatellite instability
Prognosis
Stomach neoplasms
Abstract in English
Introduction: Gastric cancer (GC) has recently been categorized in molecular subtypes, which include Epstein-Barr (EBV)-positive and microsatellite instable (MSI) tumors. This distinction provides prognostic information and identifies therapeutic targets, such as PD-L1. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of EBV, MSI and PD-L1 expression in GC and their associations with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 287 patients with GC who underwent D2-gastrectomy with curative intent from 2009 to 2016 through tissue microarray technique. DNA mismatch repair proteins (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2) and PD-L1 were assessed by immunohistochemistry. EBV was detected by in situ hybridization. Results: The presence of EBV and MSI was identified in 10.5% and 27% of GCs, respectively. Most MSI GCs showed simultaneous loss of MLH1 and PMS2 expression (60%). EBV positivity was related to male (p=0.032), proximal location (p < 0.001), undetermined Lauren type (p < 0.001), poorly differentiated histology (p=0.043) and intense inflammatory infiltrate (p < 0.001). MSI-tumors were associated with older age (p=0.002), subtotal gastrectomy (p=0.004), pN0 (p=0.024) and more initial pTNM stage (p=0.020). PD-L1 immunoexpression was observed in 8.8% of cases, with predominant expression in EBV-positive GC (p < 0.001). MSI correlated with better disease-free survival (p=0.006) and overall survival (p=0.049) compared to the EBV-negative/microsatellite stable (MSS). In the multivariate analysis, the MSI/MSS status remained as independent risk factor associated with disease recurrence. Conclusion: EBV-positive GCs had increased PD-L1 expression, while MSI GC had better survival outcome. Both subgroups are distinct GC entities and their recognition is feasible by conventional diagnostic techniques. The characterization of these GC subtypes enables the application of targeted therapies and allows to extend the prognostic power of current classification and staging systems
 
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Publishing Date
2018-11-01
 
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