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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.5.2011.tde-29032011-155453
Document
Author
Full name
Lismeia Raimundo Soares
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2011
Supervisor
Committee
Casseb, Jorge Simão do Rosário (President)
Jaime, Patrícia Constante
Silveira, Daniela
Title in Portuguese
Perfil antropométrico e distribuição da gordura corpórea relacionados ao risco cardiovascular em adultos vivendo com HIV/AIDS
Keywords in Portuguese
Antropometria
Estado nutricional
HIV
Lipodistrofia
Risco cardiovascular
Abstract in Portuguese
INTRODUÇÃO: Apesar da melhora da sobrevida e morbidade, anormalidades na distribuição da gordura corporal (lipodistrofia), nas concentrações dos lipídeos séricos (dislipidemias) e na tolerância à glicose têm sido descritas em 40-50% dos pacientes ambulatoriais infectados pelo HIV. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a prevalência de lipodistrofia autorreferida e risco cardiovascular (RCV), por meio da avaliação antropométrica e perfil bioquímico dos pacientes assistidos por equipe multidisciplinar. MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional, com 227 pacientes adultos infectados pelo HIV, no período de junho de 2007 a dezembro de 2008. O total da amostra foi agrupado de acordo com o uso da Terapia Antirretroviral de Alta Potência Combinada (HAART): Grupo 1: 92 casos fazendo uso da HAART e com lipodistrofia autorreferida; Grupo 2: 70 casos fazendo uso da HAART e sem lipodistrofia autorreferida e Grupo 3: 65 pacientes sem uso da HAART. Avaliou-se o estado nutricional pelo índice de massa corporal (IMC), percentual de gordura corpórea (%GC) e o risco cardiovascular pela relação cintura/quadril (RCQ) e circunferência abdominal (CA). Foram estudados o perfil bioquímico e o sentimento quanto à imagem corporal, após o uso da HAART. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de lipodistrofia foi referida por 44% das mulheres e 39% dos homens, com impacto negativo sobre a autoimagem para homens e mulheres com lipodistrofia (P<0,014 e p<0,085) comparado ao grupo sem lipodistrofia. A dobra cutânea do tríceps (DCT) revelou maior depleção no grupo sob o uso de HAART e com lipodistrofia (homens P<0,001; mulheres p<0,007) comparado ao grupo sem HAART. O IMC revelou excesso de peso para a maioria dos indivíduos, independente da HAART. As mulheres sob o uso de HAART apresentaram excesso no percentual de gordura corporal pela somatória das dobras (p<0,014) comparado ao grupo sem HAART. A RCQ mostrou risco cardiovascular de alto a muito alto para lipodistrofia comparado ao sem HAART e homens e mulheres, respectivamente, com p<0,001 e p<0,005. A CA revelou maior risco cardiovascular e de doenças associadas à obesidade abdominal nas mulheres sob o uso de HAART e com lipodistrofia (p<0,011) quando comparado ao grupo sem HAART. Os homens sob o uso de HAART e com lipodistrofia apresentaram hipertrigliceridemia, sendo estatisticamente significativo quando comparado aos grupos sem lipodistrofia (p<0,012). CONCLUSÕES: As medidas antropométricas foram úteis para confirmar a prevalência de lipodistrofia autorreferida e identificar o risco cardíaco em soropositivos sob o uso de HAART. O perfil bioquímico revelou hipertrigliceridemia associada ao sexo masculino com lipodistrofia. A RCQ mostrou ser um bom parâmetro para identificar o RCV em indivíduos sob o uso de HAART e com lipodistrofia autorreferida, independente do sexo. A CA revelou-se um parâmetro melhor na avaliação tanto do RCV quanto do risco de co-morbidades associadas à obesidade abdominal, em mulheres sob o uso de HAART e com lipodistrofia. A avaliação das dobras cutâneas dos braços e pernas revelou ser um bom método antropométrico para avaliar lipoatrofia em membros de indivíduos sob o uso de HAART, independente do sexo. Estes resultados possibilitam a instituição de estratégias para o diagnóstico precoce de lipodistrofia e risco cardiovascular na prática clínica, em pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS
Title in English
Anthropometric profile and correlation between different measures of body composition and fat distribution related cardiovascular risk in adults living with HIV/AIDS
Keywords in English
Antropometry
Cardiovascular risk
HIV
Lipodystrophy
Nutritional status
Abstract in English
BACKGROUND: Despite improvements in survival and morbidity, abnormalities in fat distribution (lipodystrophy), dyslipidemia and glucose tolerance have been reported in 40-50% of outpatients with HIV infection. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of self-reported lipodystrophy and cardiovascular risk, through an anthropometric and biochemical profile of patients assisted by a multidisciplinary team. METHODS: An observational study of 227 adult patients from June 2007 to December 2008 was conducted. The total sample was grouped according to HAART use: Group 1 92 cases in use of HAART and lipodystrophy, Group 2 70 cases in HAART and non-reported lipodystrophy and Group 3 65 patients without HAART. It was evaluated the nutritional status by body mass index (BMI), percent body fat (% BF) and cardiovascular risk by waist / hip ratio (WHR) and waist circumference (WC). The biochemical profile was also studied, and the feeling on the body image after HAART. RESULTS: The prevalence of lipodystrophy was reported by 44% of women and 39% of men with a negative impact on self-image for men and women with lipodystrophy (P <0.014 and p <0.085) compared to those without lipodystrophy. The triceps skinfold (TSF) showed a greater depletion in the group under HAART with lipodystrophy (men P <0.001, women p <0.007) compared to those without HAART. BMI revealed excess weight for most individuals regardless of HAART. Women on HAART showed an excess in body fat percentage by the sum of skinfolds (p <0.014) compared to those without HAART. WHR showed cardiovascular risk (CVR) from high to very high compared to those without lipodystrophy to HAART and male and female, respectively p <0.001 and p <0.005. The CA showed a higher CR and diseases associated with abdominal obesity in women under HAART with lipodystrophy (p <0.011) when compared to those without HAART. The men on HAART with lipodystrophy and hypertriglyceridemia showed a statistically significant when compared with groups without lipodystrophy (P <0.012). CONCLUSIONS: The anthropometric measures were useful to confirm the prevalence of self-reported lipodystrophy and identify cardiac risk in HIV-infected seropositive individuals on HAART. The biochemical profile revealed hypertriglyceridemia associated with males with lipodystrophy. WHR was a good parameter to identify the CR in individuals on HAART with lipodystrophy-reported and regardless of gender. CA proved to be a better parameter to assess both the CR and the risk of comorbidities associated with obesity in women under HAART with lipodystrophy. The evaluation of the skin folds of the arms and legs turned out to be a good method to assess anthropometric limb lipoatrophy of individuals under HAART regardless of gender. These results allow the establishment of strategies for early diagnosis of lipodystrophy and cardiovascular risk in clinical practice for people living with HIV/AIDS
 
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Publishing Date
2011-04-25
 
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