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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.5.2011.tde-24082011-164748
Document
Author
Full name
Luiz Felipe Domingues Passero
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2011
Supervisor
Committee
Laurenti, Marcia Dalastra (President)
Blazquez, Francisco Javier Hernandez
Moraes, Sandra do Lago
Rosa, Daniela Santoro
Silveira, Fernando Tobias
Title in Portuguese
Avaliação da resposta imune celular desencadeada por antígenos protéicos isolados de Leishmania (Viannia) shawi
Keywords in Portuguese
Antígenos
Imunização
Leishmania
Leishmaniose cutânea
Vacinas contra leishmania
Abstract in Portuguese
A espécie Leishmania (Viannia) shawi foi caracterizada recentemente pelo grupo de Lainson. Estudos recentes indicam o importante papel médico epidemiológico deste parasito no Brasil. Portanto, os objetivos do presente estudo foram caracterizar o modelo experimental murino desta infecção, purificar antígenos protéicos e avaliar seus graus de proteção após desafio. Para caracterizar o modelo murino de infecção, camundongos das linhagens BALB/c e C57BL/6 foram infectados na pata com formas promastigotas e os achados histopatológicos e imunológicos foram avaliados durante a evolução da infecção. Para os estudos de imunização foram utilizados 10 diferentes antígenos: três secretados/excretados pelas formas promastigotas de L. (V.) shawi, dois intracelulares solúveis das formas amastigotas (AgAma) e promastigotas (AgPro), e cinco frações protéicas purificadas a partir do antígeno intracelular solúvel das formas promastigotas. Estes antígenos foram utilizados para imunizar camundongos da linhagem BALB/c duas vezes, subcutaneamente no dorso. Após uma semana da última imunização, os animias foram desafiados com formas promastigotas. O desenvolvimento das lesões nos animais foram acompanhadas por seis ou oito semanas pós desafio (PD), quando os animais foram sacrificados para análise da carga parasitária e dos aspectos relacionados às respostas imune celular e humoral. Camundongos da linhagem BALB/c foram altamente susceptíveis à infecção, uma vez que as mudanças histopatológicas e da imunidade humoral foram mais pronunciadas nos camundongos BALB/c que em C57BL/6. Os antígenos secretados/excretados de baixa massa molecular induziram alta taxa de proteção em comparação aos animais não imunizados, já os antígenos secretados/excretados de média massa molecular protegeram intermediariamente os animais, possivelmente pela alta expressão de IFN-g e IL-4 nos linfócitos T CD8+. AgAma e AgPro tiveram uma resposta antagônica nos animais, pois o AgAma suprimiu a produção de IFN-g e IL-12, contudo houve maior produção de TGF-b, facilitando o aumento do parasitismo na pele e em linfonodos. A despeito da detecção de TGF-b nos animais imunizados com AgPro, houve um balanço entre a produção de citocinas, com a participação de IL-12 e IFN-g, que levou a um controle do parasitismo em pele. Através da purificação do AgPro foi visto que os antígenos F1 e F5 protegeram os animais da infecção na pele após desafio, e ainda F1 também protegeu os linfonodos destes animais. Os antígenos F3 e F4 levaram a exacerbação das lesões de pele. A identificação, por espectrometria de massa, do antígeno F1 revelou a presença de 67 componentes, sendo que a maioria deles não possui identificação. Ainda, o antígeno F1 protegeu duradouramente os animais associado à estimulação de linfócitos T CD8+ de memória, contudo a presença de baixos números de parasitos pode ser o reflexo da alta produção de IL-10. Estes dados indicam que o antígeno F1 pode representar um importante candidato vacinal contra a Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana
Title in English
Analysis of cellular immune response induced by proteic antigens isolated from Leishmania (Viannia) shawi
Keywords in English
Antigens
Cutaneous leishmaniasis
Immunization
Leishmania
Leishmania vaccine
Abstract in English
Leishmania (Viannia) shawi specie was recently characterized by Lainson group. Currently, studies indicate important medical and epidemiological role of this parasite in Brazil. Therefore, the aims of this study were to characterize the experimental murine model of this infection, purify proteic antigens and evaluate their protection degrees after challenge. To characterize the murine model of infection, BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice were infected in the footpad with promastigote forms, and the histopathological and immunological findings were evaluated during the evolution of infection. For the immunization studies, 10 different antigens were used, as follow: three released/excreted by promastigote forms of L. (V.) shawi; two intracellular soluble antigens from amastigote (AgAma) and promastigote forms (AgPro), and 5 proteic fractions purified from soluble intracellular antigens from promastigote forms. These antigens have been used to immunize BALB/c mice twice, subcutaneously in the rump. After 1 week of last immunization, the animals were challenged. The lesion developments in animals were followed during either six or eight weeks post-challenge (PC), when the animals were sacrificed to evaluate the parasite load and aspects of cellular and humoral immune responses. BALB/c mice were the most susceptible to L. (V.) shawi infection, since the histopathological and humoral changes were higher in BALB/c than C57BL/6 mice. Secreted/excreted antigens of low molecular mass induced high protection rate compared to non-immunized mice, already mice immunized with secreted/released antigens of medium molecular mass showed mild protection, possibly caused by high expression of IFN-g and IL-4 by CD8+ T lymphocytes. AgAma and AgPro showed antagonic response in animals, since AgAma suppressed the IFN-g and IL-12 production, however high level of TGF-b has been detected, allowing the increasing of parasitism in the skin and lymph nodes. In spite of the detection of TGF-b in AgPro-immunized mice, there was a balance in the cytokines production, with the participation of IFN-g and IL-12, leading to parasite control in skin. Through the purification of AgPro, it was observed a protective effect of F1 and F5 antigens in the skin after challenge; in addition, F1 also protected the lymph nodes of BALB/c mice. Both F3 and F4 antigens exacerbated the skin infection. The identification, by mass spectrometry, revealed that F1 was composed by 67 components, and the majority has not been identified till now. Moreover, F1 induced long-lasting immunity in BALB/c mice, associated to generation of memory CD8+ T lymphocytes, however low parasitism could be the reflect of high production of IL-10. These data indicate which F1 antigen could be an important vaccine candidate against American Tegumentar Leishmaniasis
 
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Publishing Date
2011-08-25
 
WARNING: The material described below relates to works resulting from this thesis or dissertation. The contents of these works are the author's responsibility.
  • PASSERO, LFD. Response of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in the evolution of Leishmania (Viannia) shawi infection. Comparative Clinical Pathology, 2010.
  • PASSERO, Luiz Felipe Domingues, et al. Analysis of the protective potential of antigens released by Leishmania (Viannia) shawi promastigotes [doi:10.1007/s00403-011-1171-7]. Archives of Dermatological Research [online], 2011.
  • PASSERO, Luiz Felipe Domingues, et al. Ex vivo and in vivo biological behavior of Leishmania (Viannia) shawi [doi:10.1007/s00436-009-1614-7]. Parasitology Research [online], 2009, vol. 105, n. 6, p. 1741-1747.
  • PASSERO, LUIZ FELIPE DOMINGUES, et al. Exacerbation of Leishmania (Viannia) shawi infection in BALB/c mice after immunization with soluble antigen from amastigote forms : EXACERBATION OF L. SHAWI INFECTION AFTER IMMUNIZATION [doi:10.1111/j.1600-0463.2010.02679.x]. APMIS [online], 2010, vol. 118, n. 12, p. 973-981.
  • PASSERO, Luiz Felipe Domingues, et al. Histopathology, humoral and cellular immune response in the murine model of Leishmania (Viannia) shawi [doi:10.1016/j.parint.2009.12.010]. Parasitology International [online], 2010, vol. 59, n. 2, p. 159-165.
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