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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.5.2009.tde-07122009-191804
Document
Author
Full name
Ana Beatriz Pedriali Guimarães
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2009
Supervisor
Committee
Hochgraf, Patricia Brunfentrinker (President)
Brasiliano, Silvia
Cohen, Claudio
Nappo, Solange Aparecida
Viana, Vania Patricia Teixeira
Title in Portuguese
Mulheres dependentes de álcool: levantamento transgeracional do genograma familiar
Keywords in Portuguese
Alcoolismo
Família
Mulheres
Relação entre gerações
Abstract in Portuguese
INTRODUÇÃO: o ambiente familiar tem sido amplamente relacionado ao uso de álcool na literatura. No entanto, poucos estudos abordam esta questão especificamente para famílias de mulheres alcoolistas. Neste trabalho procurou-se comparar aspectos do funcionamento familiar ao longo de três gerações: geração atual (companheiros e filhos), geração dos pais e irmãos e geração dos avós paternos e maternos de mulheres dependentes e não dependentes de álcool, a partir de seus próprios relatos. MÉTODOS: foram estudadas 30 mulheres alcoolistas que frequentavam o Programa de Atenção à Mulher Dependente Química (PROMUD) do Instituto de Psiquiatria do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo e 32 mulheres não alcoolistas que frequentavam o ambulatório de ginecologia geral do Departamento de Tocoginecologia do Hospital das Clínicas de Curitiba. Como instrumentos foram utilizados a construção do genograma familiar e a Family Environment Scale (FES). RESULTADOS: com relação aos dados sociodemográficos, as alcoolistas eram mais velhas, possuíam maior grau de escolaridade, um número menor de mulheres tinha companheiros e elas tinham menos filhos em comparação às mulheres do grupo controle. Observaram-se várias diferenças com relação à estrutura familiar sempre demonstrando que as famílias das alcoolistas são mais disfuncionais. Com relação às alianças, as alcoolistas possuíam alianças disfuncionais em vários pares de familiares: conflito com a mãe, companheiro e avô paterno, superenvolvimento com o pai e foi verificada a presença de conflito conjugal em todas as gerações. As famílias das alcoolistas se configuraram como superenvolvidas, com presença de triangulação, abuso físico, psicológico e/ou sexual e divórcio. O uso abusivo de álcool foi encontrado também nas mães e companheiros destas mulheres. As mães possuíam ainda o poder de decisão nestas famílias. Ao relacionar o momento de início do uso abusivo com as fases do ciclo de vida familiar, percebeu-se que as mulheres iniciaram o abuso de álcool com seus companheiros e quando os filhos eram pequenos ou adolescentes. Os resultados da FES mostraram diferença nas subescalas coesão, expressividade, conflito, organização e religião entre os grupos, sempre mostrando maior disfunção nas famílias das alcoolistas. CONCLUSÕES: estes achados reforçam a hipótese de que as famílias das mulheres alcoolistas são mais disfuncionais em vários aspectos e que muitos destes padrões disfuncionais são transmitidos ao longo das gerações.
Title in English
Alcohol dependent women: a study of the transgenerational genogram
Keywords in English
Alcoholism
Family
Intergenerational relations
Women
Abstract in English
INTRODUCTION: the literature has extensively reported the association between family environment and alcohol use. However, few studies have investigated this issue specifically in families of alcohol dependent women. The present study sought to compare aspects of family functioning over three generations: current generation (partners and children), generation of parents and siblings, and generation of paternal and maternal grandparents of alcohol dependent and non-dependent women based on their own accounts. METHODS: there were studied 30 alcohol dependent women who attended the Drug Dependent Women Treatment Center (PROMUD) at Clínicas Hospital Institute of Psychiatry of Universidade de São Paulo Medical School and 32 non-dependent women attending a general gynecology outpatient clinic of the Department of Obstetric and Gynecology at Clínicas Hospital in Curitiba. The study instruments included a family genogram especially constructed for this study and the Family Environment Scale (FES). RESULTS: alcohol dependent women were older and more educated, a smaller number of them had partners, and they had fewer children than controls. Several differences were found in family structure consistently indicating that the families of alcohol dependent women are more dysfunctional. These women established dysfunctional attachments with different family pairs: conflicts with their mothers, partners, and paternal grandfathers; overinvolvement of father and daughter; and conjugal conflicts in all generations. Families of alcohol dependent women are characteristically overinvolved showing triangulation, physical, psychological and/or sexual abuse, and divorce. Alcohol abuse was also found in these womens mothers and partners. Their mothers also held the power of decision in these families. When alcohol abuse was related to the phases of the family life cycle, it was found that these women started abusing alcohol with their partners when their children were little or adolescents. FES results showed differences between both groups studied in the subscales Cohesion, Expressiveness, Conflict, Organization, and Religion indicating that the families of these women were more dysfunctional. CONCLUSIONS: the study findings reinforce the hypothesis that the families of alcohol dependent women are generally more dysfunctional and that many of these dysfunctional behaviors are transmitted through generations.
 
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Publishing Date
2010-01-07
 
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