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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.5.2012.tde-24022012-142232
Document
Author
Full name
Audrey Tieko Tsunoda
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2011
Supervisor
Committee
Folgueira, Maria Aparecida Azevedo Koike (President)
Carvalho, André Lopes
Maciel, Maria do Socorro
Mauad, Edmundo Carvalho
Ruiz, Carlos Alberto
Title in Portuguese
Estudo de indicadores de qualidade nas mulheres com câncer de mama  detectato pelo programa de rastreamento mamográfico do Hospital de Câncer de Barretos
Keywords in Portuguese
Câncer de mama
Controle de qualidade
Mamografia
Rastreamento
Abstract in Portuguese
Os programas de rastreamento mamográfico (PRM) organizados atingem redução de mortalidade por câncer de mama em até 35%, principalmente quando submetidos a controle de qualidade efetivo. O PRM realizado pelo Hospital de Câncer de Barretos (HCB) é oferecido através de Unidades Móveis e Fixa desde 2003, para mulheres entre 40 e 69 anos, pertencentes à V Regional de Saúde do Estado de São Paulo Barretos (DRS). Trata-se de um projeto pioneiro no Brasil que necessita enquadrar-se em critérios de controle de qualidade para que atinja resultados comparáveis aos da literatura. Objetivo: Este estudo visa avaliar os indicadores de qualidade de detecção e tratamento das pacientes portadoras de câncer de mama diagnosticadas pelo PRM-HCB na DRS-V de São Paulo, entre 2003 e 2010. Métodos: Foram revisados os prontuários de todas as pacientes com câncer de mama, detectados pelo PRM-HCB no período. Os indicadores de controle de qualidade incluíram dados de: estadiamento, diagnóstico, tratamento, laudo patológico, intervalos de tempo, e dados descritivos. As pacientes sintomáticas tiveram os indicadores analisados em separado das assintomáticas. As variáveis contínuas e categóricas foram comparadas aos parâmetros estabelecidos pela European Breast Cancer Network (EBCN), utilizando-se o programa SPSS 15. Resultados: Foram incluídas 257 mulheres. Os estádios clínicos 0 e I compreenderam 68,3% (125/183) dentre as assintomáticas e 33,8% (24/71) das sintomáticas, com 3 casos sem informação (nível desejável >70%). O tamanho médio do tumor foi de 1,96cm entre as assintomáticas e de 3,2cm dentre as sintomáticas (p=0,000). A cirurgia foi conservadora em 85,2% das assintomáticas e em 62,5% das sintomáticas. Dentre os 25 indicadores adequadamente avaliados, 18 encontravam-se em níveis desejáveis, sendo 7 deles a respeito da adequação do tratamento cirúrgico. Um dos indicadores de tempo esteve em nível aceitável (tempo entre a indicação de cirurgia e o procedimento cirúrgico médio de 17,9 dias úteis, nível aceitável = 15du), enquanto outros 2 estiveram insuficientes. Os intervalos de tempo para o laudo anátomo-patológico (AP) estiveram em níveis satisfatórios (82,1% dos laudos AP de diagnóstico em 10du ou menos, nível desejável 80%). As principais deficiências relacionadas ao tempo foram da mamografia de rastreamento até a matrícula (média de 32du, nível aceitável = 5du) e da matrícula aos demais exames diagnósticos (média de 27du; nível aceitável = 5du). Conclusões: Os indicadores de estádio dentre as mulheres assintomáticas estiveram em níveis aceitáveis, entretanto, as mulheres sintomáticas apresentaram tumores maiores e em estádios mais avançados. A abordagem multidisciplinar como Unidade de Mama possibilitou atingir níveis adequados e comparáveis aos europeus quanto aos métodos diagnósticos e terapêuticos. Deficiências quanto aos intervalos de tempo e barreiras que dificultam a adesão da população demandam intervenções futuras. A análise de indicadores de qualidade foi factível e permitiu diagnosticar uma adequação parcial dos processos de diagnóstico e tratamento das pacientes com câncer de mama detectado pelo PRM-HCB, segundo os critérios estabelecidos pela EBCN
Title in English
Quality performance indicators in women with breast cancer detected by the mammographic screening program from Barretos Cancer Hospital
Keywords in English
Breast cancer
Mamography
Quality assurance
Screening
Abstract in English
In order to achieve a reduction of 35% in breast cancer mortality, organized mammographic screening (MMGS) programs demand quality assurance. BCH has been offering MMGS for 40 to 69-year-old women, since 2003, by means of three mobile units and a standardized breast unit, through the public health system. It is a pioneer Brazilian project, in a São Paulo State nonmetropolitan setting, that has to attend quality assurance to achieve results comparable to those presented in the actual literature. Objective: This study aims to analyze the quality performance indicators regarding diagnosis methods and treatment offered to women whose breast cancer was detected by the BCH MMGS program, between 2003 and 2010. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of breast cancer patients whose disease was detected by the BCH MMGS program during the period. Quality indicators included data about: stage, diagnosis, treatment, pathology, time intervals, and descriptive information. Symptomatic women at the moment of the first evaluation had their data evaluated separately from the asymptomatic. The data gathered were analyzed using SPSS 15. The results were compared to the European Breast Cancer Network Guidelines for quality assurance. Results: 257 patients were included in this study. Stages 0 and I corresponded to 68.3% (125/183) of the asymptomatic cases, and 33.8% (24/71) of the symptomatic group (desirable level >70%), with 3 missing cases. The mean tumor size was 1.96cm for the asymptomatic patients, and 3.2cm for the symptomatic (p=0.000). Breast conserving surgery was possible in 85.2% of the asymptomatic patients, and in 62.5% of the symptomatic. Among the 25 quality indicators adequately evaluated, 18 were in desirable levels. Seven of them were related to the surgical approach. One of the time interval indicators was considered acceptable (mean time interval between decision to operate and date of surgery = 17.9 working days, acceptable level = 15wd), but 2 were in insufficient levels. Time intervals for pathology reports were sufficient (82.1% of the diagnostic pathology reports were performed in 10wd or less, desirable level80%). Main deficiencies were related to time interval between the mammogram and the first evaluation (mean=32wd, acceptable level=5wd) and the evaluation and the results of the additional exams (mean=27wd, acceptable level=5wd). Conclusions: Stage quality indicators were adequate for the asymptomatic group. Symptomatic women had larger tumors, with more advanced stages. The multidisciplinary approach was important to achieve acceptable and desirable levels regarding diagnostic methods and treatment. Deficiencies concerning time intervals and possible barriers that represent delays demand a future action plan. The analysis of quality indicators was feasible and allowed to diagnose a partial adjustment in the diagnostic and treatment process of the cancer patients detected by the BCH MMGS based on the EBCN Guidelines criteria
 
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Publishing Date
2012-03-01
 
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