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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.5.2008.tde-28012009-134033
Document
Author
Full name
Eliana Aparecida Forno
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2008
Supervisor
Committee
Moura, Eurípedes da Mota (President)
Couto Junior, Abelardo de Souza
Matayoshi, Suzana
Nakashima, Yoshitaka
Schellini, Silvana Artioli
Title in Portuguese
Avaliação de fatores associados à desinserção do tendão do músculo levantador da pálpebra superior na cirurgia de blefaroplastia e ptose palpebral
Keywords in Portuguese
Blefaroplastia
Blefaroptose
Pálpebras
Abstract in Portuguese
Objetivo: Avaliar em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de correção de ptose palpebral e dermatocálase: a) o nível de associação de medidas propedêuticas pré-operatórias (função do músculo levantador da pálpebra superior (FMLPS), distância margem palpebral superior ao centro da pupila (DMR1) e altura do sulco palpebral (AS), com a magnitude de desinserção do tendão do músculo levantador da pálpebra superior (MLPS). b) A influência da idade, sexo, presença de ectrópio/entrópio e cirurgia ocular prévia na magnitude de desinserção do tendão do MLPS. c) Avaliar as diferenças das medidas propedêuticas palpebrais pré e pós-operatórias . d) Avaliar a presença de desinserção do MLPS na pálpebra não-ptótica de pacientes com ptose unilateral. e) Avaliar a presença de desinserção do MLPS em pálpebras com DMR1 normal. Metodologia: Desenho do estudo: Série de casos, não comparativo, prospectivo. Casuística: Quarenta e quatro pacientes com ptose palpebral e dermatocálase foram incluídos. Intervenção: Exploração do tendão do MLPS durante a blefaroplastia em pacientes com ptose e dermatocálase. Nos casos de desinserção, o tendão foi refixado ao tarso. Desfechos analisados: Avaliação do nível de associação das medidas propedêuticas pré-operatórias (além de sexo, idade, diabetes, cirurgia ocular prévia, presença de ectrópio/entrópio e queixa de ptose) na magnitude de desinserção do MLPS. Foram utilizados modelos uni e multivariados. A interação entre as variáveis foi testada no modelo multivariado e também foi realizada a avaliação da diferença entre as medidas de FMLPS, DMR1 e AS antes e depois da intervenção. A dependência entre os olhos foi corrigida por meio de equações de estimações generalizadas. Correlação de Pearson foi utilizada para quantificar a dependência entre os olhos para FMLPS, DMR1 e AS. Resultados: A média de desinserção do tendão do MLPS foi de 5,47 mm ± 3,02 para o olho direito e 5,99 mm ± 2,60 para o esquerdo. Com exceção da queixa de ptose e da FMLPS, todas as variáveis testadas foram estatisticamente associadas à magnitude de desinserção do tendão do MLPS. Quando todas elas entraram em um modelo multivariado, somente a DMR1 e a AS foram estatisticamente preditoras da magnitude de desinserção do tendão do MLPS. Houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre a FMLPS antes e depois da cirurgia, sendo a excursão do MLPS mais limitada após a cirurgia, diminuindo, em média, 1,1 mm (p < 0,001). As medidas pré e pós-operatórias de DMR1 e AS foram estatisticamente diferentes, com melhora no pós-operatório, sendo que DMR1 aumentou, em média, 1,6 mm e a AS diminuiu, em média, 3,97mm (p < 0,001). Encontrou-se correlação significante entre os olhos para todas as variáveis propedêuticas analisadas antes e depois da cirurgia. O mesmo foi encontrado para a correlação quanto ao grau de desinserção nos dois olhos (p > 0,01). Conclusões: a) Das medidas pré-operatórias, DMR1 e AS foram as que mais se associaram à magnitude de desinserção do tendão do MLPS, sendo que houve interação entre as duas medidas para esta associação no modelo multivariado de análise. b) Idade, sexo, cirurgia ocular prévia e presença de ectrópio/entrópio estiveram associados ao grau de desinserção, mas somente no modelo univariado de análise. c) Houve aumento significativo das medidas de DMR1 no pós-operatório, diminuição da AS e da FMLPS. d) Houve quatro pacientes com ptose unilateral. Dois deles apresentaram desinserção do MLPS no olho sem ptose. e) Foram encontrados oito pacientes com medidas de DMR1 normais em um ou ambos os olhos. Destes, somente um não apresentou qualquer desinserção do MLPS
Title in English
Evaluation of the associated factors for the upper eyelid levator tendon disinsertion on blepharoplasty and ptosis correction
Keywords in English
Blepharoplasty
Blepharoptosis
Treatment outcome
Abstract in English
Purpose: To evaluate on patients who underwent to ptosis and dermatochalasis correction: a) the association of pre-operatory propedeutic measures (upper eyelid levator muscle function (UELMF), margin reflex distance (MRD1), and eyelid crease height (ECH)) on the amount of upper eyelid levator muscle (UELM) disinsertion. b) The association of gender, age, previous surgery, and ectropion/entropion were analyzed as predictive factors for the amount of upper eyelid levator muscle disinsertion. c) To evaluate the differences of eyelid propedeutic measures before and after surgery. d) To evaluate the amount of UELM disinsertion in the normal eyelids of patients with unilateral ptosis. e) To evaluate the amount of UELM disinsertion in patients with normal MRD1. Methods: Design of the study: prospective non comparative case series study. Population: Forty four patients with blepharoptosis and dermatochalasis were enrolled. Intervention: Exploration of the levator tendon (LT) during blepharoplasty and ptosis correction and in case of its disinsertion, the tendon was reattached to the tarsus. Outcome Measured: Margin reflex distance (MRD1), upper eyelid levator muscle function (UELMF), eyelid crease height (ECH), gender, age, diabetes, previous surgery, ectropion/entropion, and ptosis complaint were analyzed as predictive factors for the amount of upper eyelid levator muscle disinsertion. Both the uni and multivariate approaches were tested and for the latter, interaction from variables was also evaluated. The differences between UELMF, MRD1, ECH before and after surgery were evaluated bilaterally. Dependency between both eyes was corrected by generalized estimating equations. Pearson correlation was used to evaluate the dependency of the two eyes regarding UELMF, MRD1 and ECH. Results: The mean levator tendon disinsertion was 5.47 mm ± 3.02 for the right eye and 5.99 mm ± 2.60 for the left. For univariate models, with the exception of the complaint of ptosis and eyelid function, all variables were statistically related to the amount of disinsertion of the upper eyelid levator tendon. For the multivariate model, when all variables were considered, only MRD1 and ECH were significantly associated with the amount of disinsertion. There was a statistical significant difference between the measures of UELMF before and after surgery with excursion decreasing a mean value of 1.1 mm after the procedure (p < 0,001). Measures of MRD1 showed an increase in a mean of 1.6 mm and ECH decreased in a mean of 3.97 mm (p < 0,001). We had found a significant correlation between both eyes for all eyelid propedeutic variables analyzed, both before and after surgery. Correlation of the propedeutic measures before surgery, between the two eyes, was stronger for the group without previous surgery. The same results for correlation was found for the amount of disinsertion (p < 0.001). Conclusions: a) From the pre-operatory measures, MRD1 and ECH were the most important variables regarding association with the amount of UELM tendon disinsertion. A very important interaction was found between these two variables on the multivariable analysis model. b) Gender, age, diabetes, previous surgery, and presence of ectropion/entropion were associated with the amount of disinsertion but only on the univariable model of analysis. c) There was an increase on the measures of MRD1, ECH and UELMF decreased. d) Four patients had unilateral ptosis. Two of those patients presented UELM disinsertion on the eye without ptosis. (e) Eight patients had normal values for MRD1 in one or both eyes, from those, only one had no disinsertion
 
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Publishing Date
2009-02-13
 
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