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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.5.2006.tde-16102014-112043
Document
Author
Full name
Katia Coelho Ortega
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2006
Supervisor
Committee
Mion Junior, Décio (President)
Romão Junior, João Egidio
Abensur, Hugo
Nobre, Fernando
Oigman, Wille
Title in Portuguese
Papel do sistema nervoso simpático e do sistema renina-angiotensina-aldosterona no descenso da pressão arterial durante o sono em hipertensos e normotensos
Keywords in Portuguese
Catecolaminas
Monitorização ambulatorial da pressão arterial
Natriurese
Sistema renina-angiotensina
Abstract in Portuguese
INTRODUÇÃO: Não são conhecidos os mecanismos que determinam o comportamento da pressão arterial durante o sono. OBJETIVO: Investigar o papel do sistema nervoso simpático, do sistema renina-angiotensinaaldosterona e da excreção de sódio urinário no descenso da pressão arterial durante o sono. MÉTODOS: Hipertensos e normotensos foram submetidos a duas monitorizações ambulatoriais de pressão arterial (MAPA)/24h com SpaceLabs 90207, medidas de 15/15 minutos durante a vigília e de 20/20 minutos no período de sono. Na ocasião da MAPA 1 foram submetidos às dosagens laboratoriais de atividade de renina (ARP), aldosterona e catecolaminas plasmáticas e excreção em diurese de 24h de sódio (Na+u), potássio (K+u) e creatinina. Após o período médio de 50 ± 20 (média ± DP) dias a MAPA e as dosagens foram repetidas. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 35 hipertensos e 24 normotensos, com idade 56 ± 12 anos, 45 mulheres e 42 com cor da pele branca. Não houve diferença nos parâmetros laboratoriais na ocasião da MAPA 1 e da MAPA 2 nos normotensos e hipertensos. Mantiveram o mesmo comportamento de descenso da pressão sistólica e diastólica durante o sono nas duas MAPAs (>= 10% ou < 10%) 29 (49%) indivíduos, denominado grupo manteve (hipertensos n = 18). Mudaram o comportamento do descenso durante o sono da pressão sistólica ou diastólica (de >= 10% para < 10% ou de < 10% para >= 10%) 30 (51%) indivíduos, denominado grupo mudou (hipertensos n = 17). O grupo "mudou" apresentou menor Na+u na ocasião da MAPA 2 (145 ± 65 mEq/24 h vs 120 ± 46 mEq/24 h, p = 0,04). Houve correlação positiva entre: a) a diferença do descenso da pressão sistólica e a diferença dos resultados das dosagens de Na+u (r = 0,41; p = 0,01) realizadas nas MAPAs 1 e 2 em todos os indivíduos dos grupos "manteve" e "mudou"; b) a diferença do descenso da pressão sistólica e a diferença de Na+u/creatinina urinária (r = 0,67; p = 0,03) e de L dopa plasmática (r = 0,75; p = 0,003) realizadas nas MAPAs 1 e 2 no grupo "manteve" (>= 10%); e c) a diferença do descenso da pressão sistólica e a diferença do resultado das dosagens de ARP/Na+u realizadas nas MAPAs 1 e 2 (r = 0,81; p = 0,03) no grupo "manteve" (< 10%). CONCLUSÃO: Em hipertensos e normotensos, sem intervenção medicamentosa ou dietética, a diferença do descenso da pressão sistólica durante o sono entre duas MAPAs apresenta correlação positiva com a diferença da excreção de sódio urinário
Title in English
The role of the sympathetic nervous system and reninangiotensin- aldosterone system in the nocturnal blood pressure fall in hypertensives and normotensives
Keywords in English
Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring
Catecholamines
Natriuresis
Reninangiotensin system
Abstract in English
INTRODUCTION: The mechanisms which determine the pattern of blood pressure during sleep are unknown. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of the sympathetic nervous system, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and urinary sodium excretion in the nocturnal blood pressure fall. METHODS: Hypertensive and normotensive subjects were submitted to two ambulatorial blood pressure monitorings (ABPM)/24h with a SpaceLabs 90207 equipment programmed to obtain measurements 15/15 minutes while awake and 20/20 minutes during sleep. Upon the ABPM 1, they were submitted to laboratory measurements of plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma aldosterone and catecholamines, as well as of the excretion of sodium (UNa+), potassium (UK+) and creatinine in 24-h-diuresis. After a mean period of 50 ± 20 days, the ABPM and the laboratory measurements were repeated. RESULTS: Included in the study were 35 hypertensive and 24 normotensive subjects, aged 56 ± 12 years, of which 45 were females and 42 Caucasian. There was no difference in the laboratory parameters measured upon ABPM 1 or 2, in either normotensive or hypertensive subjects. The same pattern of nocturnal systolic and diastolic pressure fall was maintained in both ABPMs (>=10% or <10%) by 29 (49%) subjects, named the "maintained" group (hypertensive n = 18). The nocturnal systolic or diastolic pressure fall changed (from >=10% to <10% or from <10% to >=10%) in 30 (51%) subjects, named the "changed" group (hypertensive n = 17). The "changed" group showed a smaller UNa+ upon the ABPM 2 (145 ± 65 mEq/24 h vs 120 ± 46 mEq/24 h; p = 0.04). There was a positive correlation between the difference in the nocturnal systolic pressure fall and the difference in the results of the UNa+ (r = 0,41; p = 0,01) measurements performed upon ABPM 1 and 2 in the normotensive or hypertensive subjects of the "maintained" and "changed" groups; b) the difference in the nocturnal systolic pressure fall and the difference in the measurements of UNa+/creatinine excretion (r = 0.67; p = 0.025) and plasma L dopa (r = 0.75; p = 0.003) carried out upon ABPM 1 and 2 in the "maintained" group (>=10%); and c) the difference in the nocturnal systolic pressure fall and the difference in the results of the PRA/UNa+ measurements performed upon ABPM 1 and 2 (r = 0.81; p = 0.03) in the "maintained" group (<10%). CONCLUSION: In hypertensive and normotensive individuals, without any pharmacological or dietary intervention, the difference in the nocturnal systolic pressure fall between the two ABPMs shows a positive correlation with the difference in urinary sodium excretion
 
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2014-10-16
 
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