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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.5.2016.tde-06062016-124024
Document
Author
Full name
Elisa Teixeira Bernardes
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2015
Supervisor
Committee
Polanczyk, Guilherme Vanoni (President)
Miranda, Monica Carolina
Pang, Wang Yuan
Title in Portuguese
Estudo das relações entre maus tratos na infância, prejuízo em funções executivas e transtornos do comportamento disruptivo em uma amostra comunitária de crianças
Keywords in Portuguese
Associação
Função executiva
Maus-tratos infantis
Neuropsicologia
Psiquiatria infantil
Transtorno de comportamento disruptivo
Abstract in Portuguese
Evidências apontam para forte relação independente entre maus tratos na infância, comportamentos disruptivos e prejuízos em funções executivas. No entanto, ainda não é completamente compreendido como estes três fatores se relacionam entre si. Esta pesquisa avaliou a relação entre maus-tratos na infância e transtornos do comportamento disruptivo, testando desempenho em funções executivas como possível mediador e moderador desta relação. A presente pesquisa está inserida no estudo "Coorte de escolares de alto risco para o desenvolvimento de psicopatologia e resiliência na infância e adolescência - projeto Prevenção", projeto integrante do Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Psiquiatria do Desenvolvimento para Infância e Adolescência (INCT-INPD), o qual incluiu 2500 crianças em idade escolar de São Paulo e Porto Alegre (Brasil). As crianças foram extensamente avaliadas com entrevistas diagnósticas, relatos de pais e da própria criança sobre maus tratos e com testes neuropsicológicos. Resultados indicam associação de maus tratos na infância e transtornos do comportamento disruptivo, porém não foi encontrada associação entre maus tratos e funções executivas. Crianças com transtornos do comportamento disruptivo apresentaram pior desempenho em teste específico para avaliação de flexibilidade cognitiva. Desempenho em funções executivas não agiu como mediador ou moderador da associação entre maus tratos e transtornos do comportamento disruptivo. Desta forma, os resultados indicam que a associação entre experiências de maus tratos e transtornos do comportamento disruptivo ocorre independentemente do desempenho em funções executivas. Futuros estudos longitudinais são fundamentais para confirmar estes resultados e elucidar os mecanismos cognitivos envolvidos nesta associação causal
Title in English
Relationships between childhood maltreatment, impairment in executive functions and disruptive behavior disorders in a community sample of children
Keywords in English
Association
Child psychiatry
Childhood maltreatment
Disruptive behavior disorder
Executive function
Neuropsychology
Abstract in English
Empirical evidences point to a strong independent relationship between maltreatment in childhood, disruptive behaviors and impairments in executive functions. However, how these three factors are interrelated it is not completed understood yet. This study evaluated the relationship between childhood maltreatment and disruptive behavior disorders, testing performance in executive functions as possible mediator and moderator factor in this relationship. This research is part of the study "Cohort of high-risk students for the development of psychopathology and resilience in childhood and adolescence - Prevention Project", a member project of the National Institute of Science and Developmental Psychiatry Technology for Children and Adolescents (INCT -INPD) in which is included 2,500 schoolchildren from São Paulo and Porto Alegre (Brazil). The children were evaluated with diagnostic interviews, reports of parents and children themselves about maltreatment and with neuropsychological tests, which included evaluation of inhibitory control, working memory, cognitive flexibility and planning. Results indicate association of childhood maltreatment and disruptive behavior disorder, but no association was found between maltreatment and executive functions. Children with Disruptive Behavior Disorders showed worse performance in specific task for assessment of cognitive flexibility. Performance in executive functions didn't work as a mediator or modifier variable in the association between childhood maltreatment and disruptive behavior disorder. Thus, the study results indicate that the association between experiences of maltreatment and disruptive behavior disorder occurs regardless of the performance in executive function in a community sample. Future longitudinal studies are essential to confirm these findings and elucidate the cognitive mechanisms involved on this causal association
 
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Publishing Date
2016-06-06
 
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