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Mémoire de Maîtrise
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.5.2018.tde-23042018-113538
Document
Auteur
Nom complet
Claudia Renata Pinto dos Santos
Adresse Mail
Unité de l'USP
Domain de Connaissance
Date de Soutenance
Editeur
São Paulo, 2017
Directeur
Jury
Damiani, Durval (Président)
Abdo, Anete Hannud
Koch, Vera Hermina Kalika
Silva, Paulo Roberto dos Santos
Titre en portugais
Estudo da medida antropométrica do diâmetro abdominal sagital de adolescentes obesos em tratamento ambulatorial e sua associação com os critérios da síndrome metabólica
Mots-clés en portugais
Adolescente
Antropometria
Circunferência abdominal
Diâmetro abdominal sagital
Gordura visceral
Obesidade
Obesidade abdominal
Resistência à insulina
Risco cardiometabólico
Síndrome metabólica
Resumé en portugais
O Diâmetro Abdominal Sagital (DAS) é uma medida antropométrica relacionada com a gordura visceral e empregada para avaliar a obesidade abdominal, uma variável associada à síndrome metabólica. Sua utilização é indicada na prática clínica para avaliação de risco cardiometabólico em adolescentes obesos. OBJETIVO: Verificar a concordância entre o DAS e a circunferência abdominal (CA) na avaliação da obesidade central e sua associação com os critérios da Síndrome Metabólica e HOMA-IR em adolescentes obesos. CASUÍSTICA E MÉTODOS: Estudo de corte transversal constituído por 83 adolescentes obesos entre 14 e 18 anos, (46 do sexo feminino e 37 do sexo masculino) matriculados no Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, nos ambulatórios das Unidades de Endocrinologia Pediátrica e de Adolescentes. Foram submetidos a avaliações antropométricas (IMC, Escore Z do IMC, percentual de gordura corporal, circunferência abdominal, diâmetro abdominal sagital), laboratoriais (HDL-c, triglicérides (TG), glicemia (GLIS) e insulina para o cálculo do HOMA-IR) e de pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) e diastólica (PAD), utilizadas para classificação dos critérios da SM. RESULTADOS: Todos os adolescentes apresentaram valores elevados de IMC (36,9±6,7 kg/m2), Z-IMC (+3,27±0,94) e 91,6% da casuística tiveram valores alterados no percentual de gordura corporal (41,4% para o grupo feminino e 36% para o grupo masculino), confirmando a obesidade grave do grupo. Considerando o percentil >=90 do Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), no National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2011-2014), 85,5% dos adolescentes apresentaram valores elevados de CA (117,7 ± 14,7) e 89,2% valores alterados no DAS (26,9±3,7). Quanto às variáveis laboratoriais, 32,5% dos pacientes apresentaram diminuição de HDL-c e níveis aumentados de: TG (10,8%); GLIS (3,6%); PAS (32,5%,); PAD (21,7%) e HOMA-IR (79,5%), considerando toda a amostra. De acordo com os critérios utilizados pelo International Diabetes Federation, 27,7% da casuística apresentou SM. O DAS demonstrou estar significantemente correlacionado com as variáveis PAS (r=0,489 p < 0,001), PAD(r=0,277 p 0,011) e HOMA-IR (r=0,462 p < 0,001) nos grupos geral, feminino, masculino, com e sem SM. A correlação encontrada entre as medidas do DAS e CA no grupo geral e feminino foi de r = 0,91 (p 0,000) e, no grupo masculino, de r = 0,93 (p 0,000). A concordância entre a CA e o DAS é significante (Kappa k = 0.511; p < 0,001). Nos grupos geral, feminino e masculino com SM, a concordância é mais expressiva (Kappa k = 1,00; p < 0,001.). Esses resultados mostram que os adolescentes apresentavam risco cardiometabólico aumentado e expressiva obesidade central, identificada pelo DAS e CA, apesar de 73,5% deles estarem medicados. O DAS oferece vantagem metodológica na sua mensuração. CONCLUSÕES: Nas condições deste estudo, conclui-se que: as medidas antropométricas CA e DAS se equivalem para o grupo de adolescentes avaliados na classificação da SM; O DAS é preditor de PAS, PAD e HOMA-IR e forte indicador de risco cardiometabólico em adolescentes obesos
Titre en anglais
Study on anthropometric measurement of sagittal abdominal diameter in obese adolescents under outpatient treatment and its association with the variables of the metabolic syndrome cluster
Mots-clés en anglais
Abdominal circumference
Abdominal obesity
Adolescent
Anthropometry
Cardiometabolic risk
Insuline resistance
Metabolic syndrome
Obesity
Sagittal abdominal diameter
Visceral fat
Resumé en anglais
The sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD) is an anthropometric measure related to visceral fat and used to evaluate abdominal obesity, a variable associated with the metabolic syndrome. Studies have suggested its employment in the clinical practice for estimating cardiometabolic risk of obese adolescents. OBJECTIVE: To verify the concordance between SAD and abdominal circumference in the assessment of central obesity and its association with the Metabolic Syndrome cluster and with HOMA-IR in obese adolescents. CASUISTICS AND METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, 83 obese adolescents between 14 and 18 years (46 females and 37males) with body mass index (BMI) of 36.9 ± 6.7 kg/m2, followed at the Pediatric Endocrinology Unit and at the Adolescent Unit of the Children's Institute, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo were submitted to anthropometric (BMI, BMI Z Score, body fat percentage, abdominal circumference, sagittal abdominal diameter), laboratory (HDL-c, triglycerides, glycemia and insulin for calculating HOMA-IR) and systolic and diastolic blood pressure assessments aimed for classification of metabolic syndrome. Previous consentment was given by all patients and their families. RESULTS: All adolescents presented elevated BMI and Z-BMI, and high body fat percentage was displayed by 91.6% of the patients (41.4% for the female group and 36% for the male group), confirming severe obesity. Considering the >= 90 percentile cut-off values as provided by the Anthropometric Reference Data for Children and Adults: United States 2011-2014 for abdominal circumference and SAD, 85.5% of the patients presented high abdominal circumference values (117.7±14.7) and 89.2% presented elevated values of SAD (26.9±3.7). With regard to laboratory variables, 32.5% of the patients displayed decreased HDL-c and increased values of: triglycerides (10.8%); glycemia (3.6%); systolic blood pressure (32.5%); diastolic blood pressure (21.7%) and HOMA-IR (79.5%). According to the criteria of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), 27.7% of patients presented metabolic syndrome. SAD was significantly correlated with systolic (r=0.489 p < 0.001) and diastolic (r=0.277 p 0.011) blood pressures and HOMA-IR (r=0.462 p < 0.001) in the general, female and male groups, with and without metabolic syndrome. The correlation between SAD and abdominal circumference in the general and female groups was r = 0.91(p 0.000) and in the male group was r = 0.93 (p 0.000). The concordance between SAD and abdominal circumference was significant (Kappa coefficient k = 0.511; p < 0.001). In the general, male and female groups with metabolic syndrome, the concordance was more expressive (Kappa coefficient; k = 1.00 and p < 0.001). These results show that the adolescents presented increased cardiometabolic risk and significant central obesity identified by SAD and abdominal circumference although 73.5% of the studied patients were maintained under medication for clinical metabolic syndrome symptoms. SAD displayed methodological advantages concerning its measurement. CONCLUSIONS: Under the conditions of this study, it is concluded that: the anthropometric measurements of SAD and abdominal circumference are equivalent for metabolic syndrome classification of the studied adolescents; that SAD is a predictor of systolic and diastolic blood pressures and HOMA-IR and is a strong indicator of cardiometabolic risk in obese adolescents
 
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Date de Publication
2018-04-24
 
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