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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.5.2011.tde-07102011-120356
Document
Author
Full name
Augusto César Ferreira de Moraes
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2011
Supervisor
Committee
Falcão, Mário Cícero (President)
Fernandes, Romulo Araujo
Ferraro, Alexandre Archanjo
Title in Portuguese
Fatores associados à obesidade em adolescentes
Keywords in Portuguese
Adolescente
Estudos transversais
Fatores de risco
Obesidade
Abstract in Portuguese
A epidemia da obesidade pediátrica tem aumentado significativamente nas últimas três décadas e é considerada um problema de saúde pública. Dessa forma, é importante avaliar os fatores obesogênicos nesta população a fim de planejar intervenções para prevenir e tratar essa epidemia. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar fatores associados com a obesidade geral (OG) e a obesidade abdominal (OA) em adolescentes de Maringá, Paraná. Estudo transversal com uma amostra representativa de 991 adolescentes (54,5% adolescentes do sexo feminino) de escolas públicas e particulares, selecionadas por amostragem aleatória em estágios múltiplos. A OG foi classificada segundo os valores do indice de massa corporal e a OA foi classificada segundo os valores da circunferência da cintura; ambos foram os desfechos para este estudo. As variáveis independentes estudadas foram: idade, nível socioeconômico, características familiares, consumo de tabaco, consumo de bebidas alcoolicas, inatividade física (<300 min/semana), conportamento sedentário ( 4 h/d) e hábitos alimentares. As variáveis categóricas foram apresentadas em percentagens e o teste do qui-quadrado analisou a existência de associações. A significância (p) foi fixada em 5%. As análises foram estratificadas por sexo. A prevalência de OG entre adolescentes foi de 6,3% (feminino=3,3%, masculino=7,7%, p=0,04) e mostrou-se negativamente associada com o baixo consumo de vegetais nas adolescentes do sexo feminino, (p= 0,033) e positivamente associada com o consumo inadequado de frutas nos adolescentes do sexo masculino (p= 0,003). A prevalência de OA foi de 32,7% (feminino=36,3%, masculino=28,4%, p<0,001). Nas adolescentes do sexo feminino o trabalho formal mostrou-se como risco para a OA. Se a mãe da adolescente trabalha e o consumo inadequado de frituras associaram-se negativamente com a obesidade abdominal. Nos adolescentes do sexo masculino observamos associação negativa com o consumo inadequado de vegetais e se o adolescente trabalho, com o consumo inadequado de doces e refrigerantes. Conclui-se que a prevalência da obesidade geral e obesidade abdominal são altas em adolescentes, independente do sexo. A OG está associada aos hábitos alimentares em ambos os sexos, mas com alimentos diferentes. A OA está associada com variáveis socioeconômicas da família e hábitos alimentares no sexo feminino e com o trabalho do adolescente e os hábitos alimentares no sexo masculino.
Title in English
Factors associated with obesity in adolescents
Keywords in English
Adolescent
Cross-sectional studies
Obesity
Risk factors
Abstract in English
The paediatric obesity epidemic has increased significantly over the last three decades and it is considered a public health problem, it is important to assess the obesogenic factors in this population in order to plan interventions to prevent and treat this epidemic. The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with obesity general and abdominal obesity among adolescents in Maringá, Paraná. Cross-sectional study with a representative sample of 991 adolescents (54.5% girls) from both public and private high schools selected through multi stage random sampling. The general obesity (GO) was classified according to the values of body mass index and abdominal obesity (AO) was classified according to the values of circumference waist; both were the outcomes for this study. The independent variables studied were: age, socioeconomic level, parental and household characteristics, smoking, drinking alcohol, physical inactivity (<300 min/wk), sedentary behavior (4 h/d) and nutrition-related habits. Categorical variables are presented in percentages and chi-square test analyzed the existence of associations. The significance (p) was set at 5%. The analysis were stratified by sexes. Prevalence of GO among adolescents was 6.3% (girls= 3.3%, boys= 7.7%, p=0.04). General obesity was negatively associated with the low consumption of vegetables in girls, (p= 0.033) and positively associated with inadequate fruit in boys, (p=0.003). The prevalence of AO was 32.7% (girls = 36.3%, boys = 28.4%, p <0.001). In the girls, employment proved risk for the AO. The mother works and inadequate intake of fried foods were inversely associated with abdominal obesity. The AO showed positively associated if adolescent have an employment and negatively with age, the mother works and inadequate consumption of fried foods. In boys we found a negative association with inadequate consumption of vegetables and whether the adolescent work, with inadequate consumption of sweets and soda. We concluded that the prevalence of general obesity and abdominal obesity are higher in adolescents, independent of sex. The OG is associated with eating habits in both sexes, but with different foods. The AO is associated with socioeconomic and family eating habits in females and work with adolescents and eating habits in males.
 
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Publishing Date
2011-10-10
 
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