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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.5.2012.tde-04042012-094129
Document
Author
Full name
Flavia Rabelo Frayha de Souza
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2012
Supervisor
Committee
Jacob, Cristina Miuki Abe (President)
Galvão, Clóvis Eduardo Santos
Okay, Thelma Suely
Title in Portuguese
Avaliação do teste de contato atópico na alergia ao leite de vaca IgE mediada e nas doenças eosinofílicas ao trato digestório
Keywords in Portuguese
Adolescentes
Crianças
Diagnóstico
Enterite
Esofagite eosinofílica
Hipersensibilidade alimentar
Leite de vaca
Testes cutâneos
Abstract in Portuguese
Objetivo: Avaliar o teste de contato atópico (TCA) em pacientes com alergia ao leite de vaca (APLV) IgE mediada - grupo 1 e naqueles com doenças eosinofílicas do trato digestório (DETD) - grupo 2, comparando os extratos de leite de vaca (LV) a 20% com o leite in natura, o tempo ideal de oclusão do teste e o valor preditivo positivo do TCA na identificação do leite como desencadeante no grupo 2, avaliada pela melhora clinica e endoscópica após dieta de restrição. Métodos: Estudo de corte transversal, com avaliação de 45 pacientes e 9 controles. O grupo 1 (n=15) com APLV IgE mediada foram diagnosticados pelo teste de provocação e prick teste positivo para LV e o grupo 2 (n=30) pela biópsia mostrando esofagite eosinofílica (15 eosinófilos/cga) ou enterocolite eosinofílica (>20 eosinófilos/cga), prick teste positivo para LV (n=15) e sintomas desencadeados pelo leite. O grupo 3 (n=9) incluiu pacientes com exclusão do diagnóstico de APLV. Utilizou-se câmaras de 12mm e LV in natura e LV a 20% como extratos ( IPI ASAC, Espanha). Os tempos de leitura foram de 24, 48 e 72 horas e considerou-se como TCA positivo, a presença de hiperemia com infiltração e formação de pápulas ou vesículas. Para avaliação do valor preditivo positivo do TCA, considerou-se pacientes com DETD com sintomas associados ao leite, sem melhora com tratamento adequado, IgE específica ao LV e melhora clínica e histológica com a instituição da dieta de restrição. Resultados: Considerando ambos os extratos, houve semelhança quanto à frequência de positividade do TCA nos três tempos de leitura em ambas situações clínicas. Com relação à concordância entre os tempos de leitura do TCA com ambos extratos, observou-se diferença estatisticamente significante entre o tempo de 24 hs com aqueles de 48 e 72hs (p=0,031 em ambas comparações), o mesmo não ocorrendo entre o tempo de 48 e 72hs tanto na APLV como nas DETD. Isoladamente, o LV a 20% mostrou comportamento semelhante em ambas as doenças, com diferença entre o tempo de 24 e aqueles de 48 (p=0,031 / 0,000) e 72hs (p=0,031/ 0,002) respectivamente na APLV e DETD. O extrato de leite in natura nos pacientes com APLV não mostrou diferença estatisticamente significante entre os tempos avaliados, enquanto nos pacientes com DETD observou-se diferença entre 24 hs e os tempos de 48hs (p=0,003) e 72hs (p=0,003). A restrição dietética do leite naqueles pacientes com DETD e TCA positivo foi associada à melhora clínica em 80% dos pacientes e associação com melhora histológica em 65% destes. Conclusões: O TCA utilizando tanto LV in natura como extrato LV a 20%, com leitura após 48 ou 72hs da sua aplicação mostrou-se útil na identificação de pacientes com DETD desencadeada pelo LV. A instituição de dieta restrita neste alimento contribuiu para a melhora dos sintomas e para a redução do número de eosinófilos na biópsia de controle
Title in English
Evaluation of atopic patch test (APT) in IgE mediated cow's milk allergic patients and those with gastrointestinal eosinophilic diseases
Keywords in English
Adolescents
Children
Cows milk
Diagnosis
Enteritis
Eosinophilic esophagitis
Food hypersensitivity
Skin tests
Abstract in English
Objective: To evaluate the atopic patch test (APT) in IgE mediated cow's milk allergic patients (CMA) - Group 1 and those with gastrointestinal eosinophilic diseases (GED) - Group 2, comparing extracts of cow's milk (CM) 20% protein concentration and fresh milk, the optimal time reading and the positive predictive value of APT in the identification of milk as a trigger food in the group 2, as assessed by clinical and endoscopic improvement after dietary restriction. Methods: Cross-sectional study with evaluation of 45 patients and 9 controls. The group 1 (n = 15) with IgE-mediated CMA was diagnosed by provocation test and positive skin prick test for CM in all patients and group 2 (n = 30) by biopsy showing eosinophilic esophagitis ( 15 eosinophils / hpf) or eosinophilic enterocolitis (> 20 eosinophils / hpf ), prick test positive for CM (n = 15) and symptoms triggered by milk. Group 3 (n = 9) included patients which CMA was excluded. It was used 12mm a plastic chamber of inert material, and as extracts the fresh milk and CM at 20% (IPI ASAC, Spain). The reading times were 24, 48 and 72 hours and was considered as APT positive, the presence of hyperemia with infiltration and papules or vesicles. To evaluate the positive predictive value of the APT, it was considered GED patients with symptoms associated to milk, no response to treatment, specific IgE to CM and clinical and histological improvement after the restricted diet institution. Results: Considering both extract, there was similarity in the frequency of positive APT evaluating all the reading times in both clinical situations. Regarding the agreement between the reading times with both extracts, there was a statistically significant difference between the time of 24 hours with those of 48 and 72 hours (p = 0.031 for both comparisons). This fact was not observed between the time of 48 and 72 hours in both diseases. The CM 20% extract showed a similar pattern in both diseases, with difference between the reading time of 24 with the 48 hours (p = 0.031/0.000) and 72 hours (p = 0.031/ 0.002) respectively in both diseases. The fresh milk extract in CMA patients showed no statistically significant difference between the reading times evaluated, while in GED patients it was observed difference between 24 hours with the time of 48 hours (p = 0.003) and 72 hours (p = 0.003). The milk restricted diet for GED patients with positive APT was associated to clinical improvement in 80% of patients and in both clinical and histological response in 65% of them. Conclusions: The APT using both fresh CM and CM 20% extract with reading time of 48 or 72 hours showed useful in identifying GED patients triggered by CM. The establishment of milk restricted diet contributed to the improvement of symptoms and to reduce the number of eosinophils in the control biopsy
 
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Publishing Date
2012-04-11
 
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