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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.5.2007.tde-19072007-121746
Document
Author
Full name
Glaucia Cruzes Duarte
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2007
Supervisor
Committee
Camargo, Rosalinda Yossie Asato de (President)
Assumpção, Ligia Vera Montali da
Kiy, Yoshio
Rocha, Dalva Marreiro
Ward, Laura Sterian
Title in Portuguese
Avaliação ultra-sonográfica da tiróide, excreção urinária de iodo em escolares de 6 a 14 anos e grau de iodação de sal, em diferentes regiões do estado de São Paulo
Keywords in Portuguese
Bócio endêmico
Criança
Deficiência de iodo
Glândula tireóide/ultra-sonografia
Iodo
Abstract in Portuguese
A nutrição de iodo de uma população é avaliada por indicadores: a iodação do sal, excreção urinária de iodo e volume tiroidiano. A iodação do sal é eficiente no combate às doenças decorrentes da deficiência de iodo, sendo empregada em todo território nacional desde 1995 e o estado de São Paulo é considerado uma área iodo-suficiente. Para avaliar esta ingesta de iodo, foram selecionados aleatoriamente 964 escolares entre 6 a 14 anos, de seis regiões do Estado. Foram avaliados sob o ponto de vista ecográfico da tiróide, 484 meninas e 480 meninos. Os volumes da glândula tiróide elevaram-se progressivamente com a idade, guardando correlação positiva e significativa com a superfície corporal. Cerca de 2,9% dos escolares apresentava bócio. Outras anormalidades encontradas foram hemiagenesia (0,5%), nódulos (0,2%), cistos (0,7%) e hipoecogenicidade (11,7%). Notamos excessiva excreção urinária de iodo nesta população, com valores superiores a 300ug Iodo/L em 76,8% das amostras. As amostras de sal doméstico apresentavam valores entre 34,0 e 68,3mg Iodo/Kg de sal. Concluímos que a população de escolares estudados no estado de São Paulo apresenta excessiva ingestão diária de iodo, a qual, extrapolada para população em geral poderá induzir várias alterações da função tiroidiana, como hipertiroidismo subclínico (em idosos) e tiroidite crônica auto-imune na população adulta.
Title in English
Echographic evaluation of the thyroid gland,urinary iodine concentration and the salt iodization in schoolchildren from distinct regions of the state of São Paulo
Keywords in English
Endemic goiter
Iodeine deficiency
Iodine salt
Iodine urinary
Thyroid volume
Abstract in English
The salt iodization is efficient to prevent iodine deficient disorders and began in all of Brazil in 1995 and the state of São Paulo is considered an iodine sufficient area. To evaluate the iodine nutrition, 964 schoolchildren, aged between 6 and 14 years old (484 girls, 480 boys) were examined by ultrasonographic studies. There was a progressive increase of the thyroid volume with aging with a positive and significant correlation with the body surface area. The presence of enlarged thyroid gland was rarely seen, being present in only 2.9% of the studied cohort. A few thyroid gland abnormalities were noticed such as hemiagenesia (0.5%), nodules (0.2%), cysts (0.7%) and hypoechogenicity (11,7%). It was clearly demonstrated that the urinary excretion of iodine was elevated being above 300ug Iodine/L in 76,8% of the schoolchildren examined. Assays for the iodine concentration in domestic salt samples revealed values between 34.0 and 68.3 mgI/kg of salt. We conclude that the schoolchildren population of the State of São Paulo may be under an excessive daily ingestion of iodine. This may induce, if extrapolated to the general population, subclinical hyperthyroidism in the elderly and possibly an increment in the prevalence of cronic autoimmune thyroiditis.
 
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glauciacduarte.pdf (1.95 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2007-08-22
 
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