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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.5.2019.tde-08052019-114439
Document
Author
Full name
Micheli Medeiros
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2018
Supervisor
Committee
Levin, Anna Sara Shafferman (President)
Dias, Maria Beatriz Gandra de Souza
Huenuman, Nilton Erbet Lincopan
Pereira, Graziella Hanna
Title in Portuguese
Padronização de teste molecular para o diagnóstico de meningites bacterianas pós-neurocirurgia
Keywords in Portuguese
Análise de sequência
Craniotomia
Diagnóstico
DNA Ribossômico 16S
Infecção
Líquido cefalorraquidiano
Meningite
Abstract in Portuguese
Resumo: A meningite é uma inflamação das membranas que revestem o sistema nervoso central. As principais etiologias desta doença são de origem infecciosa, podendo ser bacteriana, fúngica ou viral. A meningite pode ocorrer como uma infecção hospitalar e pode ser associada a trauma ou neurocirurgia. Quando diagnosticada após um procedimento neurocirúrgico, a maior parte dos agentes infecciosos causadores da meningite provem da microbiota endógena da pele e do cabelo. No entanto, existem casos no qual o agente etiológico não é diagnosticado pelas técnicas laboratoriais convencionais, como a cultura microbiológica e bacterioscopia, dificultando a prescrição de terapias adequadas. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar os agentes causadores de meningite após neurocirurgia (MAN) utilizando técnicas de biologia molecular e comparando-as com a cultura microbiológica. Foram incluídas amostras de líquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR) de pacientes submetidos a neurocirurgia e pacientes submetidos a cirurgias eletivas com uso de raquianestesia durante o período de 2015 a 2016. A reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) foi utilizada para avaliação da presença do gene 16S do DNA ribossômico, comum em microrganismos de origem bacteriana, e o sequenciamento do mesmo para a identificação do agente etiológico. As amostras foram classificadas em 5 grupos de acordo com a suspeita clínica e dados quimiocitológicos do LCR: meningite bacteriana (MB) confirmada, MB possível, MB provável, MB improvável e sem MB, neste último grupo estão apenas pacientes submetidos a cirurgias eletivas. Das 51 amostras de LCR incluídas (43 pós-neurocirurgia e 8 pré-anestésica), 21 (41,2%) apresentaram cultura microbiológica negativa com PCR positiva, sendo: 3 (14,2%) MB possível, 4 (19,0%) MB provável, 13 (62,0%) MB improvável, 1 (4,8%) sem MB. Do total de 15 amostras positivas para PCR foi identificada ao menos a família filogenética, houve predomínio de microrganismos Gram negativos, somando 11 contra 4 Gram positivos. A identificação dos agentes etiológicos na MAN, incluindo os não detectados por métodos convencionais de identificação laboratorial, demonstraram que a biologia molecular pode complementar o diagnóstico colaborando de forma positiva, guiando o tratamento para o microrganismo específico ou sua família
Title in English
Standardization of molecular test for the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis after neurosurgery
Keywords in English
Cerebrospinal fluid
Craniotomy
Diagnosis
Infection
Meningitis
RNA ribosomal 16S
Sequence analysis
Abstract in English
Abstract: Meningitis is an inflammation of the membranes covering the central nervous system. The main causes of this disease are bacterial, fungal or viral agents. Meningitis may be associated with trauma or neurosurgery. When meningitis is diagnosed after a neurosurgical procedure, the most common microorganisms belong to skin and hair microbiota. However, there are cases in which the etiological agent is not diagnosed by conventional laboratory techniques, such as microbial culture and bacterioscopy, which makes it difficult to establish adequate therapies. The objective of this study is to identify agents causing meningitis after neurosurgery (MAN) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, compared to the conventional microbiological culture. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was collected from 43 patients who had undergone neurosurgery and 8 patients during spinal anesthesia were included during the period from 2015 to 2016. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to evaluate the presence of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene, common in microorganisms of bacterial origin, and the sequencing of the same for the identification of the etiological agent. Samples were classified into five groups according to clinical data and CSF analysis: confirmed bacterial meningitis (MB), probable MB, possible MB, unlikely MB, no meningitis, in this last group are only patients submitted to elective surgeries. There were 51 CSF samples included (43 post neurosurgery and 8 pre-spinal anesthesia), 21 samples (41.2%) presented negative microbial culture and were PCR-positive, divided as: 3 (14.2%) probable MB, 4 (19%) possible MB, 13 (62%) unlikely MB and 1 (4.8%) no meningitis. From the total of 15 PCR-positive samples at least the phylogenetic family was identified with a predominance of Gram negative microorganisms, (11). The identification of etiologic agents in MAN, including those not detected by conventional laboratory identification methods, suggests molecular biology can complement the diagnosis and collaborate in guiding the treatment for the specific microorganism or its family
 
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Publishing Date
2019-05-08
 
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