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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.5.2017.tde-06022017-161855
Document
Author
Full name
Marianne Amada Zacchi
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2016
Supervisor
Committee
Abdala, Edson (President)
Bricola, Solange Aparecida Petilo de Carvalho
Pierrotti, Lígia Camera
Title in Portuguese
Avaliação da eficácia de programa de terapia sequencial de antimicrobiano em hospital oncológico
Keywords in Portuguese
Administração intravenosa
Antibióticos
Estudos retrospectivos
Farmacêuticos
Hospitais
Hospitalização
Infectologia
Neoplasias
Oncologia
Abstract in Portuguese
INTRODUÇÃO: Tem havido um crescente interesse em desenvolver programas para oferecer cuidados em casa para as condições que têm sido tradicionalmente tratadas nos hospitais, impulsionado por uma série de fatores, incluindo considerações de custo, a preferência do paciente e o aumento do risco de infecções adquiridas no hospital. As infecções são uma importante causa de internação e os antimicrobianos estão entre os fármacos mais comumente prescritos, o uso inadequado e disseminado está associado ao aparecimento de patógenos resistentes. Na oncologia os pacientes constituem um grupo sob especial risco de infecções. Estudos específicos sobre conversão de antimicrobianos em oncologia não são facilmente encontrados na literatura. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a eficácia do protocolo de um programa de terapia sequencial de antimicrobiano em hospital referência em oncologia. MÉTODO: Estudo retrospectivo de avaliação de intervenção, realizado em internação de um instituto de alta complexidade em oncologia, no período de maio de 2011 a maio de 2012, com etapa observacional pré-intervenção, e etapa de intervenção com aplicação do protocolo de terapia sequencial, onde ocorre a substituição do mesmo antimicrobiano de via intravenosa para a via oral. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 889 pacientes, 357 no período pré-intervenção e 532 no período de intervenção. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa na proporção de trocas entre os grupos pré-intervenção e intervenção, 33,61% e 37,59% respectivamente (OR 1,19, IC95% 0,90-1,58, p 0,23). Porém houve diferença para uso de levofloxacino, com maior chance de troca no grupo de intervenção (OR 2,94, IC95% 1,58-5,58, p 0,008). A neoplasia de mama como diagnóstico oncológico também foi associada a maior chance de troca (OR 2,10 IC95% 1,04-4,23, p 0,04). CONCLUSÃO: A implementação de protocolo de um programa de terapia sequencial em pacientes oncológicos em regime de internação não demonstrou impacto na troca de antimicrobiano IV para VO. Entretanto, resultou em maior chance de troca quando aplicada nos casos do uso de levofloxacino e naqueles cujo diagnóstico oncológico era neoplasia de mama
Title in English
Evaluation of effectiveness of a program of sequential antimicrobial therapy in an oncology hospital
Keywords in English
Administration intravenous
Antibiotics
Hospitalization
Hospitals
Infectious disease medicine
Medical oncology
Neoplasms
Pharmacists
Retrospective studies
Abstract in English
INTRODUCTION: There has been a growing interest in developing programs to provide home care for some conditions that have traditionally been treated in hospitals due to a number of factors, including cost considerations, the patient's preferences and the increased risk of infections acquired in the hospital. Infections are a major cause of hospitalization and the antimicrobials are among the most commonly prescribed drugs, their improper and widespread use is associated with the emergence of resistant pathogens. Oncology patients constitute a group at particular risk of infections. Specific studies on conversion of antimicrobial agents in Oncology are not easily found in the literature. OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the effectiveness of a program of sequential antimicrobial therapy in an Oncology hospital. METHOD: Retrospective study of intervention evaluation, conducted in hospitalized patients in an Oncology Institute from May 2011 to May 2012, with an observational pre-intervention step as well as a step of intervention with application of sequential therapy protocol, where the same antimicrobial is administered orally instead of via IV. RESULTS: Eight hundred and eighty-nine patients were included, 357 in the pre-intervention phase and 532 in the intervention phase. There was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of changing between the pre-intervention and intervention groups, 33.61% and 37.59% respectively (OR 1.19, IC95% 0.90-1.58, p 0.23). But there was difference for the use of levofloxacin, with greater chance of switching in the intervention group (OR 2.94, IC95% 1.58-5.58, p 0.008). The breast cancer diagnosis was also associated with greater chance of switching (OR 2.10 IC95% 1.04-4.23, p 0.04). CONCLUSION: The implementation of a protocol of a sequential therapy program in oncology patients in inpatient regime showed no impact on antimicrobial switch from IV to VO. However, it resulted in higher chance of switch when applied in cases of use of levofloxacin and in those whose cancer diagnosis was breast neoplasm
 
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Publishing Date
2017-02-07
 
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