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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.48.2017.tde-13092017-162858
Document
Author
Full name
Silvana Chatagnier Borges Perez
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2016
Supervisor
Committee
Gallego, Rita de Cassia (President)
Assumpcao Junior, Francisco Baptista
Vicentini, Paula Perin
Title in Portuguese
Um estudo das representações de professores do ensino fundamental I de escolas públicas e privadas sobre dislexia: entre os saberes teóricos e os desafios da ação pedagógica
Keywords in Portuguese
Dislexia
Representações docentes
Saberes docentes
Abstract in Portuguese
A presente dissertação é resultado da pesquisa que teve como objetivo principal investigar as representações de professores do Ensino Fundamental I, tanto da rede privada quanto da pública, sobre Dislexia e como estas representações norteiam suas práticas. Buscamos saber, além do que significa a Dislexia para os cinquenta professores que fizeram parte da pesquisa, como percebem a importância do diagnóstico e o que realizam em sua prática para satisfazer as necessidades dos alunos disléxicos; além disso, identificou-se qual o número de alunos com diagnóstico de Dislexia e com dificuldades, mas sem o diagnóstico. Foram consultados documentos legais que se referem de alguma forma ao processo de aprendizagem da criança ou do adolescente e aos direitos e inclusão daqueles que apresentam quaisquer distúrbios ou dificuldades. Além disso, a pesquisa contou com o preenchimento de questionários por parte de cinquenta professores atuantes em salas de aula do Ensino Fundamental I de escolas públicas e privadas, sendo uma pública e três privadas localizadas na capital do Estado de São Paulo e na Grande São Paulo. Não consistiu objetivo do trabalho a comparação das instituições ou redes, mas sim reunir um número significativo de professores que atuam nos primeiros anos do Ensino Fundamental I. A pesquisa se restringiu a professores atuantes em tal momento da Educação Básica, pois estes são os que lecionam para alunos durante o processo de alfabetização, momento esse em que as dificuldades na aquisição da leitura são notadas de modo mais acentuado. Participaram da pesquisa professores com diferentes tempos de formação e atuação em sala de aula e com formação também diversa, alguns com pós-graduação e outros com graduação. A pesquisa teve cunho qualitativo, sendo os dados sistematizados e analisados com base no seguinte referencial teórico: Perrenoud (2001), com a discussão do conceito indiferença; os estudos de Tardif (2012) sobre os saberes docentes, tema essencial para uma análise das representações dos professores, assim como Chartier (1999, 2002) com o conceito de representação. Para conceituar Dislexia nos valemos das contribuições de autores como Simone Capellini (2009; 2011; 2013) e Jaime Zorzi (1998; 2009) que tratam do conceito no âmbito da fonoaudiologia; Saul Cypel (1993) e Sylvia Ciasca (2006), assim como Sally Shaywitz (2006) e Françiose Estienne (2001) foram referências para conceituar o termo além de Susan e William Stainback (1999). O estudo revelou que os professores investigados possuem representações variadas sobre a Dislexia, estando algumas mais próximas e outras menos das referências teóricas e documentos legais tomados como base. A pesquisa mostrou os percalços ou a preocupação em agir de forma que seja justa e adequada perante a dificuldade apresentada por alunos disléxicos. Muitos professores sinalizaram adaptações a serem realizadas ao possuírem alunos com Dislexia, mas estas foram bastante diversas e demonstraram certa insegurança ou incerteza em ser assertivo na adaptação utilizada.
Title in English
A study of public and private elementary school teachers' descriptions and interpretations of dyslexia: between pedagogy theory and practice
Keywords in English
Dyslexia
Knowledge representations
Teachers representations
Abstract in English
This dissertation is the result of the research that aimed to investigate the teachers representations of the elementary school in both scenarios the private and the public, about dyslexia and how these representations guide their practices. We seek to understand not only what dyslexia means to fifty teachers who were part of the research but also how they perceive the importance of diagnosing and performing in their practice to meet the needs of dyslexic students. Furthermore, it was identified the number of students diagnosed with dyslexia and how many have difficulties, but without the diagnosis. Legal documents that are, somehow, related to child's or adolescents learning process and the rights and inclusion of those who have any disturbances or difficulties were consulted. In addition, the research included the completion of questionnaires by fifty teachers working in classrooms of elementary school of public and private schools (one public and three private schools, located in the capital of São Paulo and São Paulos metropolis).The objective of this dissertation is not to make the comparison of institutions or networks, but to gather a significant number of teachers who work in the early years of elementary school I. The research was restricted to teachers who work with basic education since they are the ones who teach for students in the literacy process, in which the difficulties in reading acquisition can be more sharply noted. The participants were teachers at different times of training and performance in the classroom and different backgrounds, some of them were postgraduates, some graduated. The research has a qualitative nature and was systematized and analyzed based on the following theoretical: Perrenoud (2001), which discuss the indifferences concept; the studies of Tardif (2012) on the teaching knowledge, essential theme for an analysis of the representations of teachers, as well as Chartier (1999, 2002) with the representations concept. To conceptualize Dyslexia we make use of the contributions of authors such as Simone Capellini (2009; 2011; 2013) and Jaime Zorzi (1998, 2009) who deal with this concept in the context of speech therapy. Saul Cypel (1993) and Sylvia Ciasca (2006), as well as Sally Shaywitz (2006) and Franciose Estienne (2001) were references to conceptualize the term, in addition of Susan and William Stainback (1999). The study revealed that teachers present various representations of Dyslexia, some of which more and some less related to the theoretical references and legal documents used as a basis. Research has shown the difficulty or concern of the teachers to act in a manner that is fair and adequate, given the current difficulties presented by dyslexic students. Many teachers signaled adaptations to be made when having students with dyslexia, but they were quite different and demonstrated uncertainty or insecurity about being assertive in adapting used.
 
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Publishing Date
2017-11-13
 
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