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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.48.2017.tde-07082017-160228
Document
Author
Full name
Amalia Galvão Idelbrando
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2017
Supervisor
Committee
Penin, Sonia Teresinha de Sousa (President)
Barzotto, Valdir Heitor
Ludke, Hermengarda Alves
Passos, Laurizete Ferragut
Pinazza, Monica Appezzato
Title in Portuguese
Escola pesquisadora?: (Representações de professores e gestores de uma escola que se diz pesquisadora: a relação entre suas práticas e a construção de conhecimento dos alunos)
Keywords in Portuguese
Educação pela pesquisa
Escola inovadora
Escola pesquisadora
Pesquisa como princípio educativo
Abstract in Portuguese
O presente trabalho de pesquisa investigou uma Escola Municipal da periferia da cidade de São Paulo - SP, Zona Leste, que se intitula escola pesquisadora, por realizar ações de pesquisa junto aos educandos, em especial, Trabalhos de Conclusão de Ciclo (TCC) como finalização do Ensino Fundamental, sendo que tal prática teria ocorrido por volta de quatro anos antes dessa medida se tornar política educacional da SME-SP. Os educadores da instituição escolar reforçaram essa decisão por meio da publicação de um livro, de modo que os artigos buscassem refletir a própria prática. O objetivo central da pesquisa foi compreender o modo como os professores e gestores dessa escola representam a relação entre suas práticas educativas e a construção do conhecimento que buscam desenvolver junto aos educandos. A perspectiva teórica que se buscou seguir foi a antropologia dialética, a partir da obra de Henri Lefebvre, para quem as representações se formam entre o vivido e concebido de sujeitos determinados. A análise apoiou-se também em autores que discutiram: a pesquisa na escola básica como princípio educativo, o professor como um tipo de intelectual transformador, assim como estudos que focaram escolas inovadoras e bem-sucedidas no alcance de sua função social. Os procedimentos metodológicos de coleta de informações, organização, tratamento e análise dos dados apoiaram-se nos seguintes instrumentos: entrevistas, documentos e observação. As entrevistas semiestruturadas foram realizadas com cinco gestores, oito professores e dez alunos egressos. A análise documental referiu-se: ao Projeto Político Pedagógico da escola, de 2009 e de 2014; aos resultados dos alunos na avaliação dos professores e no Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica (IDEB), entre 2005 e 2015; a TCCs produzidos por alunos; e ao livro organizado pelos educadores. A observação participante se deu em reuniões na Jornada Especial Integral de Formação (JEIF) dos professores e no Conselho de Escola (CE). A articulação e a análise do conjunto dos dados obtidos tiveram como foco possíveis respostas ou encaminhamentos à pergunta de pesquisa, derivada do objetivo proposto. O estudo deste caso revelou que existiam contradições entre os discursos dos educadores e suas práticas. A introdução do TCC e a escrita do livro de artigos nas ações pedagógicas da escola deram ânimo e empoderamento aos professores, bem como reconhecimento entre seus pares. Em acréscimo, as análises documentais dos resultados alcançados pelos alunos mostraram que houve melhora no rendimento tanto no decorrer dos anos de 2012 a 2014, como nos resultados do IDEB desde 2005. A participação das famílias na escola, a sua história de luta por habitação, a pouca rotatividade dos educadores e, em especial, a permanência do diretor podem ter exercido influências no desenvolvimento dos alunos. A representação dos educadores parece ter tido mais foco nos TCCs e menos no desenvolvimento do conjunto de ações pela comunidade educativa; ainda que se verificasse maior engajamento na pesquisa, entende-se que tal dinâmica surgiu pela articulação entre ações de mudanças na escola. O desdobramento das ações dessa escola inovadora proporcionou aos professores a ocupação de um lugar diferenciado: como sujeitos de criação.
Title in English
Researcher school? (Representations of teachers and staff a school that entitles itself as researcher: the relationship between their practices and the construction of students' knowledge)
Keywords in English
Innovative school
Research as an educational principle
Research education
Researcher school
Abstract in English
The present thesis investigated a Municipal School in the outskirts of the city of São Paulo - SP, located in the East Region, which entitles itself as a researcher school, for carrying out research activities with the students, especially Cycle Completion Works (TCC) of the Elementary School, and such practice would have occurred around four years before this measure turned into an educational policy by the Municipal Secretary of Education. The educators of the school reinforced this decision by publishing a book, so that the article sought to reflect the practice itself. The main objective of the thesis was to comprehend how the educators of this school represent the relation between their educational practices and the construction of the knowledge that they seek to develop with the students. The theoretical perspective that was sought to follow was the dialectical anthropology, based on the work of Henri Lefebvre, for whom the representations are formed between the experienced and conceived of determined subjects. The analysis was also supported by authors who discussed: basic school research as an educational principle, the teacher as a type of transformative intellectual, as well as studies that focused on innovative and successful schools in the achievement of their social function. The methodological procedures of information collection, organization, treatment and data analysis were based on the following instruments: interviews, documents and observation. The semi-structured interviews were carried out with five people from the staff, eight teachers and ten graduated students. The documentary analysis referred to: the School's Political Pedagogical Project, of 2009 and 2014; the results of the students in the evaluation of teachers and in the Basic Education Development Index (IDEB) between 2005 and 2015; To CBTs produced by students; And to the book organized by educators. The participant observation took place in meetings in the Special Integral Training Day (JEIF) of the teachers and in the School Council (CE). The articulation and analysis of the set of data obtained had as focus possible answers or referrals to the research question, derived from the proposed objective. The study of this case revealed that there were contradictions between the educators' speeches and their real practices. The introduction of CBT and the writing of the article book into the pedagogical actions of the school gave encouragement and empowerment to teachers as well as recognition among their peers. In addition, the documentary analyzes of the results achieved by the students showed that there was an enhancement in scholarly progress comprehending 2012 to 2014; despite the IDEB results since 2005. The participation of the families in the school routine, their history of struggle for housing, the low turnover of educators and, in particular, the permanence of the director may have influenced the development of students. The representation of educators seems to have been more focused on CBTs and less on the development of the set of actions by the educational community; Even though there was greater engagement in research, it is understood that such dynamics arose through the articulation between actions of changes in the school. The unfolding of the actions this innovative school gave the teachers the occupation of a differentiated place: as subjects of making.
 
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Publishing Date
2017-08-30
 
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