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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.47.2010.tde-30072010-103810
Document
Author
Full name
Renata Maria Toscano Barreto Lyra Nogueira
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2010
Supervisor
Committee
Britto, Luiz Roberto Giorgetti de (President)
Baldo, Marcus Vinicius Chrysostomo
Claessens, Peter Maurice Erna
Santos, Natanael Antonio dos
Valle, Luiz Eduardo Ribeiro do
Title in Portuguese
Percepção visual de contraste em portadores de esquizofrenia e parentes não acometidos
Keywords in Portuguese
Esquizofrênia
Percepção visual
Sensibilidade de constraste visual
Abstract in Portuguese
A esquizofrenia é um distúrbio mental debilitante que afeta aproximadamente 1% da população mundial, caracterizado por sintomas produtivos como delírios e alucinações e sintomas negativos como apatia e decréscimo das emoções. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar a resposta do sistema visual humano de voluntários isentos de transtornos neuropsiquiátricos, portadores de esquizofrenia medicados e parentes não acometidos, utilizando a curva de sensibilidade ao contraste (FSC) escotópica e fotópica para estímulos de frequências espaciais com grades senoidais verticais e com grade senoidais angulares. As medidas de limiares ou sensibilidades ao contraste para grades senoidais verticais com frequências espaciais de 0,25; 2; 4 e 8 ciclos por grau de ângulo visual (cpg) e para grades senoidais angulares definidos com frequências espaciais de 3,0; 24; 48 e 96 ciclos/360° foram medidas com o método psicofísico da escolha forçada entre duas alternativas temporais. Os resultados mostram que os portadores de esquizofrenia apresentam prejuízo para os estímulos espaciais de grade senoidal vertical e angular em todas as frequências testadas e nas duas condições de luminância enquanto que os parentes não psicóticos apresentaram a sensibilidade ao contraste preservada para os dois estímulos nas duas condições de luminância. Estes dados sugerem prejuízos no processamento visual de contraste associados à esquizofrenia, sugerindo que esse transtorno altera as áreas visuais corticais de forma difusa.
Keywords in English
Contrast sensitivity
Schizophrenia
Visual perception
Abstract in English
Schizophrenia is a mental debilitating disorder that affects 1% of the world population. It is characterized by positive symptoms such as delirium and hallucinations and negative symptoms such as apathy and emotion decrease. The objective of this work was to characterize the response of the human visual system to vertical and angular sine-wave gratings in healthy adults (20-45 years of age), schizophrenia patients whom were receiving antipsychotic medications and unaffected relatives of schizophrenia patients. We measured the contrast sensitivity functions for vertical sine-wave gratings of 0.25, 1, 2 and 8 cycles per degree (cpd) of visual angle and angular sine-wave gratings of 3, 24, 48 and 96 cycle/360o Contrast threshold was measured using a temporal two-alternative forced choice (2-AFC) procedure with mean scotopic luminance of 0.06 cd/m2 and mean photopic luminance of 42 cd/m2. The results showed a decrease in sensitivity of schizophrenia patients to all the stimuli of vertical and angular sine-wave grating at all spatial frequencies and to the two luminance conditions, while the non-psychotic relatives showed preserved contrast sensitivity for the two stimuli in both luminance conditions. These data suggest that losses in the visual processing of contrast associated with schizophrenia, suggesting that this disorder alters the cortical visual areas in a diffuse way.
 
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nogueira_do.pdf (1.58 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2010-11-10
 
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