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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.47.1992.tde-18122013-094209
Document
Author
Full name
Ligia Assumpcao Amaral
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 1992
Supervisor
Committee
Bosi, Eclea (President)
Buitoni, Dulcilia Helena Schroeder
Kovacs, Maria Julia
Montes, Maria Lucia Aparecida
Rodrigues, Arakcy Martins
Title in Portuguese
Espelho convexo: o corpo desviante no imaginário coletivo pela voz da literatura infanto-juvenil
Keywords in Portuguese
deficiente físico
imagem corporal
infantojuvenil
Abstract in Portuguese
Partindo de uma hipótese inicial de que há na Literatura Infantojuvenil elementos (explícitos ou implícitos) que configuram representações do corpo desviante geradoras ou propiciadoras de cristalizações de estereótipos, denunciadoras de atitudes e preconceitos frente à diferença corporal e perpetuadoras de leituras maniqueístas e estigma, o presente trabalho buscou a analise da concretização desses elementos, através do estudo de características das 47 histórias eleitas, destinadas ao público infantil e juvenil, escritas por autores brasileiros e editadas entre 1971 e 1991, sendo que a ênfase da análise recaiu sob e atributos e ações das personagens corporalmente diferentes. Antes de chegar aos resultados, foi percorrido um caminho que, partindo das visões de corpo, transitou pela problemática do desvio, da diferença, da deficiência; pelo emaranhado conceitual de atitudes, preconceitos, estereótipos e estigma; pelo universo das significações, das anomalias, das monstruosidades, do grotesco; pelo território da Literatura e da Psicologia; pelas especificidades do gênero literário em pauta; pelos meandros metodológicos. As unidades de análise para pesquisa do corpus foram: o narrador, a trama, a narrativa e o tipo de discurso; a situação inicial da história; o universo constitucional das personagens; os tipos de deficiência e alteração corporal; as personagens no contexto dramático: características, ações e funções; a nomeação; os campos de atribuição dos fenômenos na etiologia e no desfecho. Foram também definidos três focos adicionais de interesse, voltados para as questões do "olhar" do outro, das "perdas" e dos "desejos". Conclui-se pela confirmação da hipótese inicial e distribui-se as reflexões finais em três grandes vertentes: etiologia da diferença (ênfase na culpabilização), status da personagem (vitima, herói, vilão) e desfecho (cura, exotismo, isolamento, morte). Vertentes essas pensadas como girando em torno de três eixos principais: histórias "altamente" preconceituosas, histórias "denunciado as" de preconceitos e histórias "livres" de preconceitos.
Title in English
Convex mirror: the divergent body in the colletctive imaginary, through children and youth literature.
Keywords in English
body image
Abstract in English
This study was based on the suppostiion that representations of the divergent body gener-ate and/or make possible the cristallization of stereotypes. These stereotypes reveal the existence of prejudices (among other attitudes) against corporeal differences and contribute to maintain stigma and manichaeistic interpretations of those differences. As a consequence of this supposition, it was assumed that it could be found, in the literature written fo child en and young people, elements, implicitly o explicitly argued, that were in acco dance with the kind of representation supposed. To investigate this empirical assumption, the present study analyzed the characteristics of 47 chosen stories, written by Brazilian authors, for child en and young people, and published from 1971 to 1991. The focuses of the analysis were the actions and the attributes of those characters whose bodies were divergent from the more usual one. A two-ply theoretical support for the analysis was sought. In one hand, it was based on the literature concerning the concepts of body. specially conside ing the issues of deviation, difference and disability. On the other hand the support was sought on the conceptual puzzle of attitudes, stereotypes and stigma. Across the criticai reading of this literature, "the long and winding road" travelled included the universe of meanings, anomalias, monstrosities and the grothesque appearence. It was necessary to specificate the literary genre studied and the methodological approach best fitted to the pursued goals. The units employed to analyze the corpus were the starting point of the story; the narrator; the narrativa structure; the nar ation itself and the kind of speech used; the character's constitutional universe; the kinds of disability and/o co poreal alteration. The characters were also analyzed in the d amatic context, considering their cha acteristics, actions and functions. The fields of attribution of the occurrences were determined at the beginning (etiology) and at the ending of these occurences. Additionally, three other issues were investigated, which are the other person's look to the character whose body was different and the lesses and desires of this character.
 
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Publishing Date
2013-12-20
 
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