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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.47.2004.tde-03062008-140907
Document
Author
Full name
Briseida Dogo de Resende
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2004
Supervisor
Committee
Ottoni, Eduardo Benedicto (President)
Ades, Cesar
Bussab, Vera Silvia Raad
Cruz, Maria Adélia Oliveira Monteiro da
Rimoli, Adriana Odalia
Title in Portuguese
Ontogenia de comportamentos manipulativos em um grupo de macacos-prego (Cebus Apella) em situação de semiliberdade
Keywords in Portuguese
aprendizagem animal
brincadeiras
comportamento social (animal)
macacos-prego
primatas não-humanos
utilização de ferramentas
Abstract in Portuguese
Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar o desenvolvimento do comportamento manipulativo em macacos-prego (Cebus apella) em semiliberdade, com ênfase na ontogênese do comportamento de quebra de cocos. A coleta de dados foi realizada ao longo de dois anos e meio, o que permitiu um acompanhamento longitudinal dos filhotes com idade inferior a dois anos. As dinâmicas sociais relacionadas à aprendizagem de quebra também foram estudadas. Os resultados mostram que os macacos começaram a manipular objetos com cerca de um mês de idade e conseguiram quebrar cocos com sucesso a partir dos dois anos. Eles observaram seus co-específicos quebrando cocos, sendo que os maiores observadores foram os imaturos, especialmente os juvenis. Os alvos de observação foram preferencialmente aqueles macacos que apresentaram uma maior taxa de quebra. Durante a observação de co-específicos, houve raros registros de agonismo, ou seja, há grande tolerância social. Houve intercalação entre brincadeira e quebra de cocos por macacos imaturos. Grande parte da aquisição do comportamento de quebra de cocos pode ser atribuída às experiências individuais, mas também há oportunidades para que ocorra a aprendizagem social por meio de observação direta do co-específico proficiente, já que os observadores são bem tolerados.
Title in English
Ontogeny of manipulative behavior in a semifree-ranging group of tufted capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella)
Keywords in English
animal learning
animal social behavior
capuchin monkeys
primates (nonhuman)
tool use
tricks
Abstract in English
The objective of this work was to study the manipulative behavior of semifree-ranging tufted-capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella), focusing on the ontogenesis of nutcracking behavior. Data collection was done during a period of two years and a half, and so, a longitudinal study with monkeys under two-years old could be performed. Social dynamics related to nutcracking learning were also studied. The results show that the monkeys started manipulating objects when they were around a month of age, but only subjects over two years of age were able to sucessfully crack nuts. They observed conspecific nutcracking: immature monkeys were the main observers, especially juveniles. The main targets of observation were the monkeys who had the highest nutcracking rate. Agonism was rare during conspecific observation, what means that social tolerance was high. There were events in which immature monkeys alternated play and nutcracking behavior. An important part of nutcracking acquisition can be attributed to individual experiences, but there are also opportunities for social learning through direct observation of proficient conspecific, once observers are well tolerated.
 
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Briseida_doutorado.pdf (847.91 Kbytes)
Publishing Date
2008-07-03
 
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