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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.46.2005.tde-12122006-170257
Document
Author
Full name
Alliny Ferreira Naves
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2005
Supervisor
Committee
Petri, Denise Freitas Siqueira (President)
Giudici, Reinaldo
Sumodjo, Paulo Teng An
Title in Portuguese
Partículas híbridas de polissacarídeos e polímeros sintéticos
Keywords in Portuguese
Polieletrólitos
Polímeros
Surfatantes
Tensoativos
Abstract in Portuguese
Neste trabalho estudou-se a formação de complexos entre polieletrólitos e surfatantes de cargas opostas e uma nova rota para sintetizar partículas poliméricas estáveis, na qual a polimerização ocorre dentro dos complexos. O comportamento de misturas formadas pelo poliânion carboximetilcelulose (CMC) e o surfatante catiônico brometo de cetiltrimetilamônio (CTAB) e pelo policátion quitosana (CH) e o surfatante aniônico dodecilsulfato de sódio (SDS) foi investigado na interface líquido-ar por medidas de tensão superficial e na solução através de medidas de turbidez e condutividade. Foi avaliado o efeito da massa molar viscosimétrica média e da densidade de carga dos polieletrólitos na formação dos complexos. A síntese de poliestireno e poli(metacrilato de metila) em emulsão foi realizada na concentração de agregação crítica (cac) do sistema CMC/CTAB. As partículas híbridas foram caracterizadas por medidas de potencial zeta, espalhamento de luz e microscopia eletrôncia de varredura. Todas as dispersões foram estáveis na força iônica de 2,0 mol L-1 de NaCl durante quatro dias. A estabilidade coloidal foi atribuída à presença de uma camada de hidratação formada pela CMC em volta das partículas. Esta nova rota sintética tem a vantagem de produzir partículas de látex estabilizadas com uma quantidade reduzida de surfatante.
Title in English
Hybrid particles from polyssacharides and synthetic polymers
Keywords in English
Polielectrolytes
Polymers
Surfactant
Abstract in English
This work reports the complex formation between polyelectrolytes and opposite charged surfactants, and a new procedure to synthesize stable polymeric particles, where the polymerization takes place inside the complex. The behavior of mixtures of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and the cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), and chitosan (CH) and the anionic surfactant sodium dodecilsulfate (SDS) was investigated in the diluted range at the liquid-air interface by means of surface tension, and in the bulk solution by turidity and conductivity measurements. The effect of the molecular weight and charge density of the polyelectrolytes on the complexation with oppositely charged surfactants was studied. The synthesis of polystyrene or poly(methyl methacrylate) was carried out by emulsion polymerization in the critical aggregation concentration (cac) of the CMC/CTAB system. The hybrid particles were characterized by zeta potential, and light scattering measurements, and scanning electron microscopy. All dispersions were stable in the ionic strength of 2.0 mol/L NaCl at least during four days. The colloidal stability was attributed to the presence of a hydrated CMC layer around the particles. The present procedure brings the advantage of synthesizing and stabilizing particles with funciotnal groups on the surface in a one-step method using very small amounts of surfactant, a friendly condition for the environment.
 
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Publishing Date
2007-02-02
 
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