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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.46.2010.tde-10112010-113020
Document
Author
Full name
Mariana Pereira Massafera
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2010
Supervisor
Committee
Torresi, Susana Ines Cordoba de (President)
Bertotti, Mauro
Crespilho, Frank Nelson
Kubota, Lauro Tatsuo
Sumodjo, Paulo Teng An
Title in Portuguese
Desenvolvimento de novas plataformas poliméricas para detecção eletroquímica de amônia e uréia
Keywords in Portuguese
Amônia
Nanoestruturas
Poli(pirrol)
Sensores
Urease
Uréia
Abstract in Portuguese
Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de (bio)sensores baseados em plataformas poliméricas convencionais e nanoestruturadas. Os sensores estudados contém poli(pirrol) como transdutor eletroquímico, responsável pela oxidação de amônia a 0,35 V. Como a enzima urease hidrolisa cataliticamente uréia a amônia, após a imobilização da enzima sobre o poli(pirrol), obtém-se um biossensor para detecção indireta de uréia, via amônia. A detecção de amônia pelo poli(pirrol) foi otimizada em termos da densidade de carga de poli(pirrol) presente no sensor, e do potencial de trabalho. Então verificou-se a ação do polímero poli(5-amino-1-naftol) na redução do sinal dos interferentes ácidos úrico e ascórbico. Após a otimização do sensor-base, estudou-se a influência do tipo de imobilização da urease ao substrato polimérico na sensibilidade e estabilidade do biossensor de uréia. Concluiu-se que a pouca quantidade de enzima imobilizada através das metodologias estudadas era o fator limitante da sensibilidade de detecção, e então implementou-se a nanoestruturação do poli(pirrol), para aumentar a área superficial disponível para a imobilização da urease. Preparou-se filmes de poli(pirrol) nanoestruturado (macroporoso e nanofios), e a compreensão dos fenômenos observados só foi possível ao aliar características geométricas e propriedades físico-químicas intrínsecas de sistemas nanoestruturados.
Title in English
Development of new polymeric platforms for ammonia and urea electrochemical detection
Keywords in English
Ammonia
Nanostructures
Poly(pyrrole)
Sensors
Urea
Urease
Abstract in English
This work presents the development of (bio)sensors based on conventional and nanostructured polymeric platforms. The analyzed sensors contain poly(pyrrole) as electrochemical transducer, responsible for ammonia oxidation at 0.35 V. As the enzyme urease catalytically hydrolyses urea to ammonia, after enzyme immobilization onto poly(pyrrole), a biosensor for urea indirect detection, via ammonia, is obtained. Ammonia sensing by poly(pyrrole) was optimized in terms of both charge density of poly(pyrrole) present in the sensor and working potential. In sequence, poly(5-amino-1-naphtol) role as interferents (uric and ascorbic acids) signal blocker was verified. After optimization of the base-sensor, the influence of urease immobilization method on both detection sensitivity and biosensor durability was investigated. It was found that the small amount of enzyme immobilized using the compared methods limited detection sensitivities, and then nanostructuration of poly(pyrrole) was implemented, in order to increase the surface area available for urease immobilization. Nanostructured poly(pyrrole) films (macroporous and nanowires) were prepared, and the fully understanding of the observed phenomena was only possible combining geometric characteristics and physical-chemical properties related to nanostructured systems.
 
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Publishing Date
2011-01-20
 
WARNING: The material described below relates to works resulting from this thesis or dissertation. The contents of these works are the author's responsibility.
  • GONçALES, Vinicius R., et al. Nanostructured thin films obtained by electrodeposition over a colloidal crystal template : applications in electrochemical devices [doi:10.1590/S0103-50532009000400010]. Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society [online], 2009, vol. 20, n. 4, p. 663-673.
  • MASSAFERA, Mariana P., and CóRDOBA DE TORRESI, Susana I.. Evaluating the performance of polypyrrole nanowires on the electrochemical sensing of ammonia in solution [doi:10.1016/j.jelechem.2012.01.004]. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry [online], 2012, vol. 669, p. 90-94.
  • MASSAFERA, Mariana P., and DE TORRESI, Susana I. Córdoba. Urea Amperometric Biosensors Based on Nanostructured Polypyrrole [doi:10.1002/elan.201100239]. Electroanalysis [online], 2011, vol. 23, n. 11, p. 2534-2540.
  • MASSAFERA, Mariana P., and TORRESI, Susana I. Córdoba de. Urea amperometric biosensors based on a multifunctional bipolymeric layer : Comparing enzyme immobilization methods [doi:10.1016/j.snb.2009.02.013]. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical [online], 2009, vol. 137, n. 2, p. 476-482.
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