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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.46.2018.tde-08052018-151734
Document
Author
Full name
Caio Matheus Prates Batalha Faria
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2017
Supervisor
Committee
Pinto, Nadja Cristhina de Souza (President)
Festuccia, William Tadeu Lara
Kowaltowski, Alícia Juliana
Mori, Marcelo Alves da Silva
Title in Portuguese
Estudo do papel de mTOR na regulação da atividade de reparo do DNA mitocondrial humano
Keywords in Portuguese
envelhecimento
mitocôndrias
mTOR
reparo de DNA
reparo por excisão de bases
Abstract in Portuguese
mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) é uma proteína com papel central no crescimento, na proliferação e na manutenção das células, que participa da formação de dois complexos, mTORC1 e mTORC2. Diversos estudos associam menor atividade de mTOR, em especial o complexo 1, com efeitos protetores contra o envelhecimento e mesmo aumento da expectativa de vida máxima. Alterações no DNA têm sido propostas desde cedo na história dos estudos bioquímicos sobre o envelhecimento como um fator causar da perda de função dos organismos com a idade. Muitos estudos já foram realizados tentando analisar diversos aspectos do acúmulo de alterações no DNA e da capacidade de reparo com a idade. No entanto, a possível relação entre mTOR e reparo de DNA foi muito pouco explorada, em especial em relação ao DNA mitocondrial. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o papel de mTOR na regulação dos níveis de reparo de DNA, em especial da via de reparo por excisão de bases (BER). Os resultados demonstraram que, aparentemente, mTOR surte algum efeito na regulação de duas enzimas da via BER (APE1 e Polγ), além de TFAM, diminuído os níveis das três, tanto no núcleo quanto nas mitocôndrias. No entanto, a atividade de incisão de oligonucleotídeos de APE1 não demonstrou alteração, e indução de apoptose por indução de estresse oxidativo revelou que células com menor expressão de mTOR se encontravam mais resistentes. Adicionalmente, a inibição de mTOR pareceu não alterar o número decópias de DNA mitocondrial e a massa mitocondrial, sugerindo que as células com knockdown de mTOR possuem uma maior reserva respiratória. Em conjunto, os resultados sugerem um possível envolvimento de mTOR na regulação de BER, mesmo que indiretamente, embora não estaja claro por qual via, ou por qual complexo de mTOR
Title in English
Study of the role of mTOR in the regulation of the activity of DNA repair in human mitochondria
Keywords in English
aging
base excision repair
DNA repair
mitochondria
mTOR
Abstract in English
mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) is a central protein in the regulation of cell growth, proliferation and maintenance, that participates in the formation of two complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2. Several studies associate a lower activity of mTOR, especially complex 1, with beneficial effects against aging, and even increased maximum lifespan. DNA alterations have been proposed since the beginnings of the history of the biochemical studies on aging to be a cause of the loss of function that in observed in organisms with age. Several studies have been carried out to analyze several aspects of DNA alterations and DNA repair with age. However, the possible relationship between mTOR and DNA repair has not been explored satisfactorily, especially in relation to mitochondrial DNA. This study had the objective of evaluating the role of mTOR in the regulation of the levels of DNA repair, especially the base excision repair (BER) pathway. The results showed that, apparently, mTOR has some effect in the regulation of two enzymes of the BER pathway (APE1 and Polγ), as well as TFAM, decreasing their levels, both in the nucleus and in the mitochondria. However, APE1 oligonucleotide incision activity was not diminished, and apoptosis induction by methylene blue treatment revealed that cells with mTOR knockdown were more resistant. Addicionally, mTOR inhibition didnt seem to alter mitochondrial DNA copy number and mitochondrial mass, suggesting that mTOR knockdown cells have more respiratory reserve. Takentogether, these results suggest a possible role for mTOR in the regulation of BER, even if indirectly, although it is not clear through which pathway, or which mTOR complex
 
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Publishing Date
2018-05-09
 
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