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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.45.2010.tde-31082010-093717
Document
Author
Full name
Juliana Fernandes da Silva
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2010
Supervisor
Committee
Oliva Filho, Sergio Muniz (President)
Pereira, Antonio Luiz
Santos, Jair Silverio dos
Title in Portuguese
Aplicações de semigrupos em sistemas de reação-difusão e a existência de ondas viajantes
Keywords in Portuguese
ciclos limites
ondas viajantes
semigrupos de operadores lineares
Sistemas reação-difusão
Abstract in Portuguese
Sistemas de reação-difusão têm sido largamente estudados em diferentes contextos e através de diferentes métodos, motivados pela sua constante aparição em modelos de interação em contextos químicos, biológicos e ainda em fenômenos ecológicos. Neste trabalho nos propomos a estudar existência e unicidade - tanto do ponto de vista local como global - de soluções para uma classe de sistemas de reação-difusão acoplados, denidos em R^2, utilizando como ferramenta a teoria de semigrupos de operadores lineares. Apresentamos dois importantes exemplos: o modelo de Rosenzweig-MacArthur e um particular caso da classe de equações lambda-omega. Para o primeiro obtemos um resultado de existência e unicidade global utilizando um método de comparação envolvendo sub e super-soluções. Investigamos ainda a existência de soluções de ondas viajantes periódicas através do teorema de Bifurcação de Hopf. Já para o caso da equação lambda-omega obtemos a existência e unicidade de solucões, entretanto, a partir da aplicação da teoria de semigrupos de operadores lineares.
Title in English
Semigroup applications to reaction-diffusion equations and travelling wave solutions existence
Keywords in English
limit cycles
Reaction-diffusion systems
semigroups of linear operators
travelling waves
Abstract in English
Reaction-diffusion systems have been widely studied in a broad variety of contexts in a large amount of disctinct approaches. It is due firstly by their constant appearance in interaction models in disciplines such as chemistry, biology and, more specific, ecology. The aim of this thesis is to provide an existence-uniqueness result - both from the local as well as from the global point of view - for solutions of a particular class of coupled reaction-diffusion systems defined over R^2. It is done applying the well established theory of semigroups of linear operators. Two remarkable examples of such systems are discussed: the Rosenzweig-MacArthur predator-prey model and a special case of lambda-omega class of equations. For the former one, an existence and uniqueness result is obtained through a comparison method - based on the notions of lower and upper solutions. Moreover, we investigate the existence of periodic travelling wave solutions via a Hopf bifurcation theorem. For the lambda-omega model another existence and uniqueness for solutions is obtained, on its turn, through the machinery obtained previously from the theory of semigroups for linear operators.
 
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Publishing Date
2011-05-12
 
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