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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.44.2016.tde-28092016-140414
Document
Author
Full name
Daniela da Conceição Gamito
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2016
Supervisor
Committee
Hypólito, Raphael (President)
Borba, Ricardo Perobelli
Sígolo, Joel Barbujiani
Bourotte, Christine Laure Marie
Conceição, Fabiano Tomazini da
Title in Portuguese
Comportamento dos íons Na, K e Cu em aquíferos - estudos experimentais
Keywords in Portuguese
Aquíferos
Cobre
Íons metálicos
Potássio
Sódio
Abstract in Portuguese
Neste trabalho, objetivando simular aquíferos naturais em laboratório, foram preparadas colunas acrílicas preenchidas com pérolas de vidro, areia quartzosa, caulim e solo natural. Para simular contaminações nestes aquíferos artificiais, foram introduzidas soluções com os íons Na, K e Cu. Através de quatorze conjuntos de experimentos foi possível melhor compreensão da dinâmica destes cátions em solução desde a infiltração na superfície do solo até os diferentes compartimentos de um aquífero, ou seja, nas regiões da Zona Saturada, Franja Capilar e Zona Não Saturada. Os experimentos consistiram em introduzir nas colunas, separadamente e em misturas, soluções iônicas com diferentes volumes e concentrações. O comportamento iônico foi estudado também com diferentes tempos de contato solução/substrato. O comportamento dos íons Na, K e Cu também foi estudado em perfil solo de uma área sabidamente contaminada. Para a caracterização química das amostras retiradas de cada aquífero artificial foram realizadas extrações iônicas aquosas e nítricas para o estudo das frações intersticiais e adsorvidas aos substratos. O grande número de experimentos laboratoriais e estudo de campo, permitiram concluir que na grande maioria das vezes o maior tempo de residência dos íons nas diferentes zonas de um aquífero ocorre na Franja Capilar.
Title in English
not available
Keywords in English
Not available
Abstract in English
In this work, aiming to simulate natural aquifers in the laboratory, acrylic columns filled with glass beads, quartz sand, kaolin and natural soil were prepared. To simulate contamination of these artificial aquifers, solutions were introduced containing Na, K and Cu ions. By means of fourteen sets of experiments, it was possible to better understand the dynamics of these cations in solution from the time they infiltrate the soil surface to the different compartments of an aquifer, id est in the regions of the saturated zone, the capillary fringe and unsaturated zone. The experiments consisted of introducing, ionic solutions with different volumes and concentrations into the columns, separately and in mixtures. The ionic behavior was also studied with different solution/substrate contact times. The behavior of ions Na, K and Cu was also studied in the soil profile of a known contaminated area. In order to characterize chemically the samples taken from each artificial aquifer, ionic aqueous and nitric extractions were performed, to study the interstitial fractions and the adsorbed substrates.The large number of laboratory experiments and a field study showed that in the vast majority of cases, the longest residence time of the ions in different parts of an aquifer occurs in the capillary fringe.
 
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Publishing Date
2016-10-03
 
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