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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.43.2019.tde-22042019-095909
Document
Author
Full name
Alexander Hideki Oniwa Wada
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2019
Supervisor
Committee
Oliveira, Mario Jose de (President)
Ferreira Junior, Silvio da Costa
Hoyos Neto, José Abel
Stilck, Jürgen Fritz
Vieira, Andre de Pinho
Title in Portuguese
Transições de fase em modelos populacionais com desordem espacial e temporal
Keywords in Portuguese
desordem espacial
desordem temporal
fase de Griffiths
Modelos para populações biológicas
percolação dinâmica
percolação direcionada
Abstract in Portuguese
Nesta tese estudamos os efeitos da desordem espacial e temporal na transição de fase entre a sobrevivência e extinção de populações biológicas. Na primeira parte estudamos um modelo epidemiológico com quatro estados. Apesar deste modelo não conter desordem, concluímos que seu comportamento crítico é o mesmo do processo de contato com desordem (espacial) quenched. Na segunda parte estudamos o movimento Browniano fracionário refletido, onde vimos que a combinação dos efeitos do ruído com correlações de longo alcance e a parede refletora cria uma singularidade em lei de potência na densidade de probabilidade da posição do caminhante. Por fim, estudamos a equação logística com desordem temporal através do mapeamento no movimento Browniano fracionário refletido. Neste último estudo vimos como as correlações de longo alcance mudam o comportamento crítico deste sistema.
Title in English
Phase transitions in biological population models with spatial and temporal disorder
Keywords in English
Biological population model
directed percolation
dynamical percolation
Griffiths phase
spatial disorder
temporal disorder
Abstract in English
We have studied the effects of spatial and temporal disorder at the phase transition between survival and extinction of biological populations. In the first part we studied a four states biological population model. Despite having no disorder, we have seen that its critical behavior is the same of the contact process with (spatial) quenched disorder. In the second part, we studied the reflected fractional Brownian motion, where the interplay between the correlated noise and the reflecting wall results in a power-law singularity in the probability density of the position of the walker. Finally, we deduced the critical properties of the logistic equation with temporal disorder by mapping it onto the reflected fractional Brownian motion. This mapping allow us to understand how long-range correlations change the critical behavior of this system.
 
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Tese.pdf (3.54 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2019-04-22
 
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