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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.43.2017.tde-15122017-144805
Document
Author
Full name
Luiz Paulo de Oliveira
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2017
Supervisor
Committee
Higa, Renato (President)
Deppman, Airton
Navarra, Fernando Silveira
Timóteo, Varese Salvador
Tomio, Lauro
Title in Portuguese
Renormalização de teorias efetivas em sistemas hadrônicos
Keywords in Portuguese
Cromodinâmica quântica
Interação Nucleon-nucleon
Renormalização
Teoria efetiva quiral
Abstract in Portuguese
A presente tese propõe-se a investigar a discussão que ocorre na literatura hadrônica de baixas energias com relação à renormalização de teorias efetivas não-perturbativas, no caso particular do sistema nucleon-nucleon. Os detalhes que tornam o problema não-trivial são a existência do potencial tensor devido à troca de um píon e o aspecto não-relativístico tanto da equação dinâmica (Lippmann-Schwinger ou Schrödinger) quanto da derivação do potencial. A teoria de perturbação quiral (PT), desenvolvida por Gasser e Leutwyler, tem se mostrado como a mais fiel representação da QCD em baixas energias. A extensão da PT para o setor envolvendo poucos nucleons foi realizada por Weinberg, através de um esquema de contagem de potências quiral (power counting). O power counting de Weinberg tem sido severamente criticado na literatura devido à sua não-renormalizabilidade, que possui estreita relação à divergência da troca de um píon. Recentemente, Staporoli estudou a inclusão de campos auxiliares capazes de absorver as divergências provenientes da troca de um píon. A natureza desses campos são escolhidas por critérios de grande número de cores na QCD. Neste trabalho, mostramos que a inclusão de um campo auxiliar vetorial na teoria efetiva, em ordem dominante, é um ingrediente capaz de absorver as divergências de curto alcance e fornecer resultados com muito boa concordância com as análises de ondas parciais do grupo de Nijmegen (PWA93). Desta maneira, este estudo instaura a renormalizabilidade do sistema de dois nucleons, ausente na proposta de Weinberg, além de ser uma alternativa de maior apelo físico e com menos procedimentos ad hoc, como na promoção de contra-termos sugerida por Nogga, Timmermans e van Kolck.
Title in English
Renormalization of effective theories in hadron systems
Keywords in English
Chiral effective theory
nucleon-nucleon interaction
Quantum crhomodynamics
Renormalization
Abstract in English
The present work aims at investigating the current discussion in the literature of low-energy hadron physics, concerning the non-perturbative renormalization of effective field theories, in particular, the case of a system with two nucleons. The details that make this issue non-trivial are the existence of a tensor potential due to the exchange of one pion, as well as the non-relativistic aspects of both the dynamical equation (Lippmann-Schwinger or Schrödinger) and the derivation of the nucleon-nucleon potential. Chiral perturbation theory (PT), developed by Gasser and Leutwyler, has been shown to be the most faithful representation of low energy QCD. The extension of PT to the sector involving few- nucleons was performed by Weinberg, through a power counting scheme. Weinberg's power counting has been severely criticized in the literature for its non-renormalizability, which is closely related to the divergence of the one-pion exchange. Recently, Staporoli studied the inclusion of auxiliary fields capable of absorbing divergences from the exchange of a pion. The nature of these fields are chosen by criteria of large number of colors in QCD. In this work, we show that the inclusion of a vector auxiliary field in the effective theory, at dominant order, is an ingredient capable of absorbing the short-range divergences and provides results with very good agreement with the partial wave analysis of the Nijmegen group (PWA93). In this way, this study establishes the renormalizability of the two nucleon system, absent in the Weinberg's proposal, besides of being an alternative with larger physical appealing and with less ad hoc procedures, as the promotion of counter-terms suggested by Nogga, Timmermans and van Kolck.
 
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LuizPOliveira.pdf (2.05 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2017-12-18
 
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