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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.43.2017.tde-13042017-014509
Document
Author
Full name
Luiz Henrique da Silva
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2017
Supervisor
Committee
Figueiredo Neto, Antonio Martins (President)
Azzalis, Ligia Ajaime
Gomes, Ligia Ferreira
Title in Portuguese
O fenômeno de lente térmica em amostras de DNA livre circulante de pacientes com malignidade e sãos, investigado por meio da técnica de varredura-Z
Keywords in Portuguese
biomarcador tumoral.
DNA livre circulante
lente térmica
óptica não - linear
varredura z
Abstract in Portuguese
No presente estudo investigou-se amostras de plasma com DNA livre circulante (DNA LC) por meio da técnica Varredura Z. Esta é uma técnica eficiente na determinação de parâmetros de diferentes materiais, tais como cristais líquidos, ferrofluidos e compostos biológicos. Esta experiência é realizada através da focalização de um feixe laser de perfil gaussiano numa amostra. Na medida em que a amostra se aproxima do foco da lente, a intensidade do feixe aumenta e alcança seu valor máximo no ponto focal, então diminui para pontos distantes do foco. Na região próxima ao ponto focal se amplificam os fenômenos não-lineares. Recentemente foi demonstrado que níveis elevados de DNA LC no plasma ocorrem com frequência em pacientes com vários tipos de câncer, podendo ser utilizados para discriminar pacientes com malignidade de pessoas saudáveis. As amostras de DNA LC, submetidas ao experimento Varredura Z, forneceram respostas ópticas devido ao fenômeno de lente térmica. Os resultados revelaram que a amplitude de lente térmica das amostras extraídas do plasma de pacientes com malignidade difere daquela de doadores sãos. A técnica Varredura Z se mostrou mais vantajosa em relação a outras biológicas porque revelou uma maior diferença entre os grupos estudados e tem o caráter de detectar mudanças estruturais no DNA LC.
Title in English
The Thermal Lens Phenomenon in Cell Free DNA Samples from Patients with Malignancy and Sane, Investigated by the Z-Scan Technique.
Keywords in English
cancer biomarker.
cell free DNA
nonlinear optics
thermal lens
Z - Scan
Abstract in English
In the present study plasma samples with cell-free DNA were investigated by means of the Z-Scan technique. This is a powerfull technique in determining parameters of different materials, such as liquid crystals, ferrofluids and biological compounds. This experiment is performed by focusing a Gaussian profile laser beam on a sample. As the sample approaches the focus of the lens, the intensity of the beam increases and reaches its maximum value at the focal point, then decreases to points distant from the focus. In the region near the focal point non-linear phenomena are amplified. It has recently been demonstrated that high levels of plasma cell-free DNA occur frequently in patients with various cancers and can be used to discriminate patients with malignancy from healthy donors. The cell-free DNA samples, submitted to the Z-Scan experiment, provided optical responses due to the thermal lens phenomenon. The results revealed that the thermal lens amplitude of samples extracted from the plasma of patients with malignancy differs from that of healthy donors. The Z-Scan technique was more advantageous than other biological ones because it revealed a greater difference between the studied groups and has the character of detecting structural changes in cell-free DNA.
 
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Publishing Date
2017-05-11
 
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