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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.42.2011.tde-22072011-141927
Document
Author
Full name
Fernanda Amadei Sais
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2011
Supervisor
Committee
Valle, Luiz Eduardo Ribeiro do (President)
Helene, André Frazão
Xavier, Gilberto Fernando
Title in Portuguese
Por que locais demarcados são importantes para o aparecimento do efeito atencional automático?
Keywords in Portuguese
Atenção seletiva
Atenção visual
Estimulação visual
Neurociências
Psicofísica
Tempo de reação
Abstract in Portuguese
Investigamos, no Experimento, se o estímulo precedente, que captura a atenção quando existem demarcações, deixa de capturar a atenção na ausência de demarcações por ter seu processamento filtrado precocemente. Além disso, investigamos, nos experimentos 2, 3 e 4, se alterações no fundo da tela, que gerassem maior competição no processamento dos estímulos presentes na cena visual, poderiam levar à captura da atenção, mesmo sem a presença das demarcações classicamente utilizadas. Observamos que quando a intensidade dos estímulos competidores presentes na tela era alta, o estímulo precedente passou a capturar a atenção. Explicamos esse resultado com a hipótese de que as demarcações são importantes por adicionarem ruído ao processamento dos estímulos apresentados, influenciando a representação desses estímulos e, portanto, a possibilidade de um estímulo capturar a atenção. Por fim, no Experimento 5, investigamos se os resultados da tarefa de escolha de local seriam replicados em uma tarefa de discriminação de forma.
Title in English
Why are placeholders important to the manifestation of the automatic attentional effect?
Keywords in English
Neuroscience
Psychophysics
Reaction time
Selective attention
Visual attention
Visual stimulation
Abstract in English
In Experiment 1 we investigated if a peripheral stimulus, which is able to capture attention when there are placeholders on the screen, is no longer able to capture attention in the absence of placeholders because is early filtered. In Experimento 2, 3 and 4 we investigated if changes on screen background, which would generate stronger processing competition between stimuli, could lead to attentional capture even in absence of placeholders. Accorging to our results the peripheral stimuli is able to capture attention when competing stimuli of high intensity are presented togueter on screen. Our explanation is that placeholders are important because they add noise to stimuli processing, affecting stimuli representation and, therefore, the probability that a stimulus will capture attention. Lastly, in Experimento 5 we investigated if similar results would be obtained in a form discrimination task.
 
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Publishing Date
2011-08-24
 
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