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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.42.2013.tde-20092013-102224
Document
Author
Full name
Marília Martino de Sant'Ana
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2013
Supervisor
Committee
Ranvaud, Ronald Dennis Paul Kenneth Clive (President)
Morya, Edgard
Rodrigues, Sérgio Tosi
Title in Portuguese
Tempos de reação e atenção visuo-espacial mobilizada voluntariamente em atletas e não atletas.
Keywords in Portuguese
Atenção visual
Exercício físico
Psicofísica
Tempo de reação
Abstract in Portuguese
Existe interesse crescente em informações científicas sobre o papel da percepção visual e da atenção visuo-espacial nos esportes. Comparamos os Tempos de Reação (TR) de atletas profissionais com os de não atletas em 5 condições de atenção visual voluntária: difusa, manifesta, encoberta (à esquerda e à direita do ponto de fixação) e dividida. Os atletas apresentaram TR médios menores que os não atletas em todos os experimentos. Diferenças em TRs a estímulos visuais dentro e fora dos focos atencionais não foram significativas (p>0,31), exceto na condição de atenção manifesta (p=0,0001), mas foram ligeiramente maiores em atletas. Tais diferenças foram significativas em experimentos com outros grupos de interesse do nosso laboratório, provavelmente devido a pequenas mudanças no protocolo experimental (detalhes nas instruções fornecidas aos voluntários). Importante salientar que na literatura existem resultados contraditórios na comparação entre atletas e não atletas em tarefas atencionais, provavelmente também por pequenas diferenças nos protocolos experimentais.
Title in English
Reaction time and visuospatial attention mobilized voluntary in athletes and non-athletes.
Keywords in English
Physical exercise
Psychophysics
Reaction time
Visual attention
Abstract in English
There is growing interest in scientific information on the role of visual perception and visuospatial attention in sports. We compared Reaction Times (RT) of professional athletes with those of non-athletes in 5 conditions of voluntary visual attention: diffuse, manifest, covert (to the right and to the left of gaze) and divided. Athletes showed shorter mean RT than non-athletes in all experiments. Differences in RT to visual stimuli inside and outside the attentional focus were not significant (p>0,31), except under manifest attention conditions (p=0,0001), but where slightly higher in athletes. These differences were significant in experiments on other populations of interest in our laboratory, probably due to small changes in the experimental protocol (details in the instructions provided to volunteers). It is important to note that the literature presents contradictory results in the comparison between athletes and non-athletes in attentional tasks, again, probably due to small differences in experimental protocol.
 
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Publishing Date
2013-12-05
 
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