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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.42.2018.tde-16022018-104027
Document
Author
Full name
Fernanda Amadei Sais
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2017
Supervisor
Committee
Baldo, Marcus Vinicius Chrysostomo (President)
Claessens, Peter Maurice Erna
Cravo, André Mascioli
Gasparotto, Odival Cezar
Helene, André Frazão
Title in Portuguese
Influência da previsibilidade de eventos no ambiente e na inibição motora proativa sobre efeitos atencionais observados em tarefas de tempo de reação.
Keywords in Portuguese
Aprendizado
Atenção
Controle motor
Tomada de decisão
Abstract in Portuguese
O aprendizado de regularidades do ambiente e a utilização de predições sobre eventos futuros para alocar o processamento sensorial e implementar estratégias de controle motor são processos determinantes dos efeitos atencionais. Um dos objetivos desse trabalho foi verificar se a atenção pode ser alocada seguindo como pista probabilística a sequência de lados de apresentação dos estímulos alvo gerada por cadeias de Markov probabilísticas de ordem 1 e de ordem 2, que envolvem um aprendizado estatístico implícito mais complexo. Encontramos evidências de que os indivíduos são capazes de alocar a atenção de acordo com esse aprendizado. Avaliamos, também, o grau de inibição motora proativa implementado durante a realização de uma tarefa e a sua interação com efeitos atencionais. Resultados com medidas de tempo de reação e de EEG indicam que, nas tarefas utilizadas nesse trabalho, os efeitos da pista visual sobre os tempos de reação possam estar associados a mecanismos de controle motor inibitórios.
Title in English
Influence of the predictability of events in the environment and of proactive motor inhibition on attentional effects in reaction time tasks.
Keywords in English
Attention
Decision making
Learning
Motor control
Abstract in English
The ability to learn regularities in the environment and to use predictions about future events to allocate sensory processing and to implement motor control strategies are strong drivers of attentional effects. In this study we investigated if attention could be oriented in space using as a probabilistic cue the sequence at which target stimuli would appear at each side of a computer screen, when that sequence could be generated using Markov chains of order 1 and of order 2, which would require complex statistical learning. We found evidence that individuals are able to allocate attention according to this learning. Also, here we evaluate the level of proactive motor inhibition in a task and how it interacted with attentional effects. Results of reaction time measures and EEG indicate that, in tasks such as the ones used in this study, the effects a visual cue has on reaction times can be related to mechanisms of motor inhibitory control.
 
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Publishing Date
2018-02-16
 
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