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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.42.2018.tde-14032018-104611
Document
Author
Full name
Jessica Andrade da Silva
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2017
Supervisor
Committee
Cipolla Neto, Jose (President)
Barreto, Luiz Silveira Menna
Campa, Ana
Lima, Fabio Bessa
Pedrazzoli Neto, Mario
Title in Portuguese
Ritmos circadianos em animais ganglionectomizados: um estudo molecular e comportamental.
Keywords in Portuguese
Circadiano
Diário
Ganglionectomia
Genes relógio
Glândula pineal
Melatonina
Pinealectomia
Ritmos biológicos
Temperatura
Abstract in Portuguese
A melatonina (MEL), hormônio sintetizado pela glândula pineal apenas durante a noite, é um marcador circadiano interno. A sua produção depende de uma via neural temporizada pelo núcleo supraquiasmático (NSQ), que culmina na liberação rítmica noturna de noradrenalina na pineal, através de fibras simpáticas vindas do gânglio cervical superior (GCS). Sabendo que a pineal é essencialmente rítmica, foram estudados o relógio molecular da glândula pineal de ratos após GCSx e seus efeitos no relógio molecular do fígado e do NSQ. A GCSx alterou o relógio molecular da pineal, além de reduzir e tornar arrítmica a via de síntese de MEL. O fígado, um oscilador periférico, manteve a robustez de seu relógio, enquanto que o NSQ, oscilador central, teve sua expressão alterada, tanto no grupo GCSx, quanto após a remoção da pineal (PINX). O NSQ coordena os ritmos de atividade motora e temperatura, os quais exibiram alterações após a GCSx, sendo tais alterações ainda mais intensas após a PINX, com a redução da temperatura e aumento da atividade ao longo do tempo. Em conjunto, esses dados demonstram a complexidade do sistema circadiano e a importância da inervação simpática da pineal para, direta ou indiretamente, mantê-la inalterada.
Title in English
Circadian rhythms in ganglionectomized and pinealectomized rats: a molecular and behavioural study.
Keywords in English
Biological rhythms
Circadian
Clock genes
Daily
Ganglionectomy
Melatonin
Pineal gland
Pinealectomy
Temperature
Abstract in English
Melatonin (MEL), a hormone synthesized by the pineal gland on the dark phase, is an internal circadian marker. Its production relies on a neural pathway timed by suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN), which ends with the rhythmic release of norepinephrine by sympathetic fibers from the superior cervical ganglia (SCG). Since the pineal gland is essentially a rhythmic structure, the aim of this study were evaluate the molecular clock of pineal gland after the superior cervical ganglia ablation (SCGx) and its effects on liver and SCN molecular clocks. The SCGs modified the molecular clock of pineal gland and, in addition, the MEL synthesis pathway was decreased and became arrhythmic. Besides that, the molecular clock of liver maintained its robustness, while the SCN's, the master clock, was changed in SGCx and after pineal removal. The SCN coordinates the rhythms of motor activity and temperature. Those are changed after SCGx, although the removal of pineal gland had changed them more, decreasing the temperature and increasing motor activity over the time. Together, these data show the complexity of the circadian system and the relevance of pineal sympathetic innervation to, direct or indireclty, maintain it unaltered.
 
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Publishing Date
2018-03-14
 
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