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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.42.2018.tde-18092018-145522
Document
Author
Full name
Eliana Paula Pereira
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2016
Supervisor
Committee
Markus, Regina Pekelmann (President)
Amaral, Fernanda Gaspar do
Lopes, Cristiane
Lotufo, Leticia Veras Costa
Scavone, Cristoforo
Title in Portuguese
Relevância do eixo imune-pineal na resposta de defesa pulmonar de ratos expostos à poluição atmosférica.
Keywords in Portuguese
Estresse oxidativo
Material particulado fino
Melatonina
Poluição atmosférica
Pulmão
Abstract in Portuguese
Durante a montagem de uma resposta inflamatória, um estímulo reconhecido como um fator de perigo desencadeia a supressão de melatonina noturna pela pineal e a indução da produção em monócitos. A poluição atmosférica é um dos maiores fatores de risco à saúde da população urbana. Neste estudo in vivo, a exposição aguda aos poluentes do ar gera um estresse oxidativo pulmonar, deflagra uma resposta inflamatória a partir da ativação da via de sinalização do NF-κB, do aumento das moléculas de adesão PECAM e ICAM e da sintase de óxido nítrico induzida (iNOS), bem como de citocinas inflamatórias. A medida que o tempo de exposição à poluição progride, a concentração plasmática noturna da melatonina se reduz em 39 %, enquanto que a pulmonar aumenta 55%. Tanto as enzimas AA-NAT e ASMT envolvidas na biossíntese da melatonina, quanto as enzimas antioxidantes SOD, CAT e GPx tem suas expressões gênicas no pulmão duplicadas, bem como suas atividades aumentadas. Os mRNAs das enzimas antioxidantes SOD e CAT pulmonar foram reduzidos a partir do bloqueio dos receptores MT1 e MT2. Tais resultados fundamentam ações farmacológicas que protejam ou revertam os efeitos lesivos gerados pela poluição atmosférica através do eixo imune-pineal tendo a melatonina como um agente terapêutico.
Title in English
Relevance of the immune-pineal axis in rat lung defense response to air pollution.
Keywords in English
Atmospheric pollution
Fine particulate matter
Lung
Melatonin
Oxidative stress
Abstract in English
During assembly of an inflammatory response a stimulation recognized as a risk factor triggers the suppression of nocturnal pineal melatonin and by inducing the production in immunocompetent cells. Air pollution is one of the major risk factors to health of the urban population. In this in vivo study, acute exposure to air pollutants generates a pulmonary oxidative stress triggers an inflammatory response from the signaling pathway of activation of NF-κB, the increase in adhesion molecules PECAM and ICAM and nitric oxide synthase induced (iNOS) as well as inflammatory cytokines. As time progresses exposure to pollution, nocturnal plasma melatonin concentration is reduced by 39%, while the lung increases by 55%. Both AA-NAT enzymes and ASMT involved in the biosynthesis of melatonin, as the antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT and GPx has its gene expression in lung duplicate, as well as its increased activities. The mRNAs of antioxidant enzymes SOD and CAT lung were reduced from blocking the MT1 and MT2 receptors. These results support pharmacological actions to protect or reverse the harmful effects caused by air pollution through the immune-pineal axis taking melatonin as a therapeutic agent.
 
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Publishing Date
2018-09-18
 
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