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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.42.2019.tde-31012019-132842
Document
Author
Full name
Marcelo Semiatzh
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2018
Supervisor
Committee
Seelaender, Marilia Cerqueira Leite (President)
Carnevali Junior, Luiz Carlos
Dâmaso, Ana Raimunda
Manoel, Edison de Jesus
Serrão, Julio Cerca
Title in Portuguese
Heterogeneidade metabólica muscular associada à assimetria funcional.
Keywords in Portuguese
Assimetria
Exercício físico
Heterogeneidade
Membros inferiores
Metabolismo
Abstract in Portuguese
No contexto da atividade física, é aceito que a maioria das pessoas apresenta membros inferiores (MI) assimétricos, um deles atuando como lado dominante (DM), enquanto o outro é considerado não dominante (ND). Existe heterogeneidade da resposta dos MI de acordo com a função (DM / ND) em face de estímulos, como caminhada, manutenção da postura e exercício. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a heterogeneidade metabólica e biomecânica entre os MI, comparando biópsias de ambos os músculos gastrocnêmios mediais em indivíduos ativos (AT) e muito ativos (MA). A expressão gênica da proteína de ligação aos ácidos graxos (FABP) no músculo gastrocnêmio medial(GM) mostrou diferença significativa (p <0,05) apenas no membro ND, com maior expressão no AT, enquanto a citrato sintase (CS) mostrou diferenças (p <0,05) no membro DM, com maior expressão em MA. Para os indivíduos MA, houve diferença significativa (p <0,05) entre os MI para FABP e CS que foram mais expressas no membro DM. Em relação aos impulsos horizontal de frenagem da marcha, a lateralidade causou diferença significativa (p <0,05) entre os indivíduos no grupo AT, com maior frenagem em ND. Quanto ao esforço, a diferença significativa para o impulso horizontal de frenagem da marcha(p <0,05) ocorreu somente no membro ND, sendo maior frenagem no grupo AT. Na propulsão, a diferença (p <0,05) ocorreu para o impulso de propulsão horizontal da marcha com interferência lateral no esforço somente no membro DM, sendo o maior no grupo MA. Para o impulso vertical de propulsão da marcha, independente do esforço, DM apresenta menor impulso. Nossos dados apontaram para a existência de diferenças metabólicas e biomecânicas entre os hemisférios opostos que podem ser exacerbados pelo exercício contínuo e especializado. Os resultados do fator lateralidade nos membros de DM e ND mostram diferentes adaptações entre os grupos, que podem ser consideradas na pesquisa e na clínica.
Title in English
Muscle metabolic heterogeneity associated with functional asymmetry.
Keywords in English
Asymmetry
Exercise
Heterogeneity
Lower limbs
Metabolic
Abstract in English
In the context of physical activity, most people present asymmetric lower limbs (LL), one of them acting as the dominant (DM) side, while the other is considered non-dominant (ND). There is heterogeneity of LL response according to function (DM/ND) in the face of stimuli such as walking, posture maintenance and exercise. The aim of this study was to evaluate metabolic and biomechanical heterogeneity between the LL, comparing muscle biopsies of active (AC) and very active (VA) individuals. Gene expression of fatty acid binding protein (FABP) in the gastrocnemius medial muscle showed a significant difference (p <0.05) only for ND, with higher expression in the AC, while citrate synthase (CS) expression was different (p <0.05) in DM limb, with higher expression in VA. For VA, there was significant difference (p <0.05) between the limbs, as FABP and CS expression was higher in DM. There was significant difference (p <0.05) regarding impulses in braking, considering laterality in the AC group, with higher braking capacity in ND. In concern to effort, a significant difference (p <0.05) was found for ND, as the parameters were higher in AC. In the case of propulsion, the difference (p <0.05) occurred with laterality interfering in the effort degree in the DM, with horizontal impulse propulsion being superior in VA. For the vertical impulse of gait propulsion, regardless of the effort, DM presents less impulse. Our data point out to the existence of metabolic and biomechanical differences between the opposite body hemispheres that may be exacerbated by continued exercise and specialization. The laterality factor results in the DM and ND limbs showing different adaptations between groups and are of relevance for exercise prescription and study.
 
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Publishing Date
2019-01-31
 
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