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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.42.2008.tde-31032009-092533
Document
Author
Full name
Renata de Melo Peixoto
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2008
Supervisor
Committee
Gomez, José Gregorio Cabrera (President)
Pellizari, Vivian Helena
Piccoli, Rosane Aparecida Moniz
Title in Portuguese
Bioprospecção de microorganismos do gênero Pseudomonas produtores de biossurfactantes.
Keywords in Portuguese
2-acetilfurano
Pseudomonas
Bioprospecção
Biossurfactantes
Ramnolipídios
Abstract in Portuguese
Surfactantes de origem química e biológica são substâncias anfipáticas que se localizam em interfaces e diminuem a tensão intererficial. Este trabalho objetivou isolar microrganismos do gênero Pseudomonas, a partir de amostras ambientais; selecionar, dentre os isolados, aqueles que são capazes de produzir biossurfactante e caracterizar os biossurfactantes encontrados de acordo com suas propriedades. Foram isoladas 1713 linhagens, destas, 944 foram capazes de crescer em meio PIA. A análise do sobrenadante para presença de ácidos graxos normalmente encontrados em ramnolipídios demonstrou que em 31 linhagens, das 95 que apresentaram atividades tensoativas, foi detectada a presença de 3-hidroxidecanoato (3HD) e outras 56 não apresentaram picos característicos de ácidos graxos característicos de ramnolipídios. Foram selecionadas 10 linhagens para caracterização dos biossurfactantes produzidos por elas. Foi confirmada a produção de ramnolipídios por 3 linhagens e foi possível identificar um novo composto com tensoatividade, o 2-acetilfurano.
Title in English
Bioprospection of biosurfactant producing microorganisms from the genera Pseudomonas.
Keywords in English
2-acethylfuran
Pseudomonas
Bioprospection
Biosurfactantes
Rhamnolipids
Abstract in English
Biological and chemical surfactants are anphipatic compounds whitch reduce interfaces tension. The present work aimed to isolate microorganisms of samples from diverse environments, chosing among the isolated ones, those capaple of producing biosurfactants and characterizing it according to some of their properties. From 1713 isolated strains, 944 were capable of growing in PIA medium. The supernatant analysis for the presence of fatty acids usually found in rhamnolipds showed that 31 of the 87 strains that presented tensoactive activities, had 3-hydroxyalkanoates (3HD) detected in their supernatant. Other 56 strains did not present characteristic rhamnolipid fatty acids peaks. Based in this resoults 10 isolates were selected for a better characterization of their biosurfactants. The producton os RHLs were confirmed for 3 diferent strains. It was possible to identify a new compound called 2-acethylfuran that was not mentioned by other authors as a possible biosurfactant or as produced by Pseudomonas.
 
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Publishing Date
2009-04-06
 
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