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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.42.2008.tde-22092008-121159
Document
Author
Full name
Edlayne Gonçalez
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2008
Supervisor
Committee
Correa, Benedito (President)
Oliveira, Carlos Augusto Fernandes de
Rossi, Maria Helena
Sabino, Myrna
Taborda, Carlos Pelleschi
Title in Portuguese
Distribuição de fungos e de micotoxinas em amostras de amendoim do plantio à colheita.
Keywords in Portuguese
Aspergillus
Ácido ciclopiazônico
Aflatoxinas
Amendoim
Fungos toxigênicos
Micotoxinas
Abstract in Portuguese
O amendoim é freqüentemente invadido por fungos toxigênicos antes da colheita. Este trabalho teve como objetivos: determinar a micoflora do solo, ar, sementes plantadas, flores, ginóforo e grãos e cascas de amendoim em diferentes fases de maturação e após a secagem; analisar aflatoxinas B1, B2, G1 e G2, ácido ciclopiazônico e fumonisinas B1 e B2 nas sementes plantadas, grãos e cascas de amendoim em diferentes fases de maturação e após a secagem. Os fungos mais freqüentes nos grãos e cascas de amendoim foram Fusarium spp. e Aspergillus flavus. A espécie A. flavus também foi encontrada em amostras do solo e do ar. Aflatoxinas e ácido ciclopiazônico foram detectados em 32 % das amostras de grãos de amendoim analisadas em concentrações que variaram de 4,20mg/kg a 198,84 mg/kg e de 260 mg/kg a 600 mg/kg, respectivamente. Nas cascas somente aflatoxinas foram detectadas em concentrações que variaram de 5,76 mg/kg a 218,52 mg/kg. Fumonisinas não foram detectadas. Boas práticas agrícolas são indicadas para região.
Title in English
Fungal and mycotoxins distribution in peanut samples from sowing to harvest.
Keywords in English
Aspergillus
Aflatoxins
Cyclopiazonic acid
Mycotoxins
Peanuts
Toxigenic fungi
Abstract in English
Peanuts are contaminated frequently by toxigenic fungi before harvest. the present study aimed to: identify the mycoflora of the soil, air, flower, pegs, peanut kernels and hulls in the different maturation stages and after drying; determinate the occurrence of aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2, cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) and fumonisins B1 and B2 in peanut kernels and hulls in different maturation stages and after drying. Fusarium spp. Aspergullus flavus were the most frequent fungi isolated in peanuts hulls and kernels. A. flavus was isolated, also, in air and soil samples. Aflatoxins and cyclopiazonic acid were detected in 32% of the kernels samples in concentration from 4.20 mg/kg to 198.84 mg/kg and from 260 mg/kg to 600 mg/kg, respectively. In the peanut hulls only aflatoxins were detected in 24 % of the samples in concentration from 5.76 mg/kg to 218.52 mg/kg. Fumonisins were not detected. Good agriculture practices are indicated to region.
 
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Publishing Date
2008-09-24
 
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