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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.42.2010.tde-18102010-131401
Document
Author
Full name
Liliana de Oliveira Rocha
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2010
Supervisor
Committee
Correa, Benedito (President)
Barros, Mário Henrique de
Oliveira, Carlos Augusto Fernandes de
Sabino, Myrna
Silva, Marcia Ribeiro Pinto da
Title in Portuguese
Distribuição de fungos e micotoxinas em grãos de milho recém colhidos e variabilidade genética das cepas de Fusarium verticillioides e Aspergillus flavus isoladas.
Keywords in Portuguese
Aspergillus
Fusarium
Aflatoxinas
Biologia molecular
Micotoxinas
Milho
Abstract in Portuguese
O presente trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar a micobiota e a ocorrência de micotoxinas em grãos de milho provenientes de quatro regiões do Brasil; identificar os isolados de A. flavus pela técnica de AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Plymorphism) e de Fusarium verticillioides, utilizando as técnicas de AFLP e sequenciamento parcial do gene do fator de elongação 1-α; comparar o potencial toxigênico das cepas com a expressão dos genes aflR e aflP (A. flavus) e FUM1 e FUM19 (F. verticillioides), através da técnica de real time RT-PCR. Demonstrou-se prevalência de Fusarium verticillioides e de fumonisinas nos grãos. Do total de isolados, 96 % foram identificados como F. verticillioides. A similaridade dos isolados de A. flavus com a cepa padrão variou de 79 % a 100 %, e não foi observado agrupamento origem geográfica específico entre os isolados de A. flavus e F. verticillioides. Observou-se elevada correlação positiva entre a expressão de FUM1 e FUM19 e a produção de toxinas por F. verticillioides, e baixa correlação positiva entre os transcritos de aflR e aflP em relação ao perfil de produção de aflatoxinas por A. flavus, demonstrando necessidade de estudos referentes a expressão de genes relacionados à produção de micotoxinas.
Title in English
Distribution of fungi and mycotoxins in freshly harvested corn and genetic variability of Fusarium verticillioides and A. flavus isolated.
Keywords in English
Aspergillus
Fusarium
Aflatoxins
Corn
Molecular biology
Mycotoxins
Abstract in English
The present study aimed to verify the mycoflora and occurrence of mycotoxins in freshly harvested corn samples in four regions of Brazil; to identify Aspergillus flavus strains by AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) technique and Fusarium verticillioides by AFLP and by the translation elongation factor 1-α partial gene sequencing (TEF-1-α); to compare the toxigenic potential of the strains in relation to aflR and aflP gene expression (A. flavus) and FUM1 and FUM19 (F. verticillioides), using Real Time RT-PCR technique. Our data showed predominance of F. verticillioides and fumonisins in the corn samples. Of the total strains, 96 % were identified as F. verticillioides. The similarity of A. flavus isolates with the standard strain ranged from 79 % to 100 %, and the results of AFLP, demonstrated a lack of relationship between the groups of the phylogenetic tree and the different geographic origins, for both A. flavus and F. verticillioides. A high positive correlation was observed between the expression of FUM1 and FUM19 genes and fumonisin production, and a low positive correlation was observed between the expression of aflR and aflP genes and aflatoxin production. These data demonstrate the need for studies concerning gene expression related to mycotoxins production.
 
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Publishing Date
2010-10-28
 
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