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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.42.2016.tde-16082016-115233
Document
Author
Full name
Livia de Carvalho Fontes
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2016
Supervisor
Committee
Correa, Benedito (President)
Alcalde, Felipe Santiago Chambergo
Gimenes, Luciana Jandelli
Nascimento, Cláudio Augusto Oller do
Perpetuo, Elen Aquino
Title in Portuguese
Isolamento e seleção de fungos com potencial para biorremediação a partir de ambientes aquáticos com histórico de contaminação por metais pesados.
Keywords in Portuguese
Biorremediação
Fitoquelatina
Fungos
Melhoramento genético
Metais pesados
Abstract in Portuguese
Processos estão sendo desenvolvidos a fim de recuperar áreas contaminadas por metais pesados. Assim, estudos que caracterizam fungos que degradam estes poluentes, se fazem necessários. Assim sendo, o objetivo desse trabalho foi caracterizar fungos em ambientes aquáticos contaminados por metais pesados e inserir genes a fim de melhorar absorção de metais pesados. 340 isolados fúngicos resistentes a quatro diferentes metais pesados (Pb, Cd, Cr e Hg) foram selecionados e identificados através de exame direto, microcultivo e seqüenciamento de ITS. Os isolados foram testados quanto a velocidade de crescimento radial em meios suplementados com metais pesados. Trichoderma sp. apresentou VCR de 0,9cm/dia (Pb), VCR de 0,7cm/dia (Cd), VCR de 0,8cm/dia e VCR de 0,9cm/dia(Hg). Curvularia afinis apresentou uma VCR de 0,3cm/dia; Uma cepa do gênero Penicillium apresentou alta VCR na maior concentração testada 0,26cm/dia na concentração de 0,5g/L de Cádmio; Aspergillus apresentou VCR de 0,42cm/dia e Microsphaeropsis arundinis apresentou VCR de 0,24 cm/dia. Trichoderma harzianum apresentou melhor capacidade de retenção de metal e foi observada em MET. Saccharomyces cerevisiae foi transformada com o gene sintético EC20 para aumento a retenção destes metais.
Title in English
Isolation and selection of fungi with potential for bioremediation of contaminated environmental by heavy metals.
Keywords in English
Bioremediation
Fungi
Genetical enhancement
Heavy metals
Phytochelatin
Abstract in English
Processes are being developed in order to recover areas contaminated by heavy metals. Thus, studies featuring fungi that degrade these pollutants are needed. Therefore, the aim of this study was to characterize fungi in aquatic environments contaminated by heavy metals and insert genes in order to improve absorption of heavy metals. 340 fungal isolates resistant to four different heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr and Hg) were selected and identified through direct examination, microculture and ITS sequencing. The isolates were tested for the radial growth rate in media supplemented with heavy metals. Trichoderma sp. presented VCR 0,9cm / day (Pb), VCR 0.7cm / day (Cd), VCR 0.8cm / day and VCR 0,9cm / day (Hg). Curvularia afinis presented a VCR 0.3 cm / day; A strain of Penicillium showed high VCR at the highest concentration tested 0,26cm / day at a concentration of 0.5 g / L of cadmium; Aspergillus presented VCR 0,42cm / day and showed VCR arundinis Microsphaeropsis 0.24 cm / day. Trichoderma harzianum showed better metal holding capacity and was observed in TEM. Saccharomyces cerevisiae was transformed with the synthetic gene EC20 for increasing the retention of these metals.
 
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Publishing Date
2016-08-16
 
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