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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.42.2018.tde-09042018-171215
Document
Author
Full name
Sair Maximo Chavez Pacheco
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2018
Supervisor
Committee
Dias, Marcio Vinícius Bertacine (President)
Ambrósio, André Luís Berteli
Farah, Shaker Chuck
Huenuman, Nilton Erbet Lincopan
Title in Portuguese
Estudo da resistência à isoniazida em Mycobacterium tuberculosis: uma caracterização estrutural e biofísica de mutações missense no gene inhA identificados a partir de isolados clínicos.
Keywords in Portuguese
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
InhA
Isoniazida
Resistência antimicrobiana
Abstract in Portuguese
A tuberculose, causada por Mycobacterium tuberculosis, ainda é uma emergência de saúde pública global. O surgimento das cepas multirresistentes (MDR) e das cepas extensivamente resistentes (XDR) agravam a situação, diminuindo o número de fármacos disponíveis para o tratamento. Embora a isoniazida seja uma das primeiras moléculas introduzidas no tratamento da tuberculose, diferentes mecanismos de resistência têm sido propostos e o tema ainda não foi totalmente esclarecido. Neste trabalho foi realizada a caraterização estrutural e biofísica de 7 mutantes da proteína InhA identificadas a partir de isolados clínicos de M. tuberculosis resistentes à isoniazida. Os ensaios de calorimetria de titulação isotérmica (ITC) mostram diminuições nos valores da constante de dissociação (Kd) dos mutantes para os NADH em aproximadamente cinco vezes quando comparado com a proteína selvagem. As estruturas cristalográficas dos mutantes de InhA mostram novas moléculas de água que parecem estar envolvidas nas variações entrópicas e entálpicas observadas em dados calorimétricos. Estes resultados corroboram e sugerem que a diminuição na afinidade pelo NADH e a desestabilização do tetrâmero de InhA podem ser fenômenos associados a resistência à isoniazida.
Title in English
Study of resistance to isoniazid in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: structural and biophysical characterization of missense mutations of the inhA gene identified in resistant clinical isolates.
Keywords in English
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Drug resistance
InhA
Isoniazid
Abstract in English
Tuberculosis, caused by the infection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, still remains as a global health emergency. The emergence of multidrug-resistant strains (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant strains (XDR) strains further aggravates the crisis, reducing the limited number of drugs available for the treatment of the disease. Even though isoniazid was one of the first drugs introduced in the antitubercular therapy, many resistance mechanisms were proposed and the subject is still not clear. In this work, a structural and biophysical characterization of seven mutant InhA proteins identified in clinical M. tuberculosis strains resistant to isoniazid were performed. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) assays showed a decrease in the dissociation constant (Kd) values of the InhA mutants by up to almost five-fold when compared to the wild-type protein. Crystallographic structures of InhA mutants showed new water molecules that appear to be involved in the entropic and enthalpic variations described by the thermodynamic assays. These results corroborate and suggest that the decrease in affinity for NADH and the destabilization of the InhA tetramer may be the phenomena associated to isoniazid resistance.
 
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Publishing Date
2018-05-29
 
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