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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.42.2019.tde-03042019-090539
Document
Author
Full name
Natalia Andrea Cruz Ochoa
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2019
Supervisor
Committee
Nogueira, Maria Ines (President)
Canteras, Newton Sabino
Haemmerle, Carlos Alexandre dos Santos
Ribeiro, Eliane Beraldi
Title in Portuguese
Efeitos da anóxia neonatal em ratos wistar, no desenvolvimento somático, metabolismo energético e circuitos hipotalâmicos relacionados.
Keywords in Portuguese
Crescimento
Hipotálamo
Ingestão Alimentar
Insulina
Leptina
Abstract in Portuguese
O déficit de oxigênio no neonato recém-nascido é denominado anóxia, asfixia, hipóxia, ou hipóxia-isquemia neonatal. Esta condição atinge a 0,24% dos neonatos a termo, 0,51% dos prematuros e aproximadamente 60% dos prematuros de baixo peso. A anóxia neonatal pode ocasionar consequências a longo prazo, como déficits cognitivos e comportamentais, epilepsia e inclusive paralisia cerebral (14,5%). No entanto, pouco se tem estudado acerca das alterações metabólicas e de longo prazo ocasionadas por este estimulo. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar os efeitos da anóxia neonatal no crescimento somático, metabolismo energético e núcleos hipotalâmicos relacionados. Para tal fim, foi induzida anóxia neonatal em ratos Wistar (P2), avaliado o crescimento somático e a ingestão alimentar até P90. Além disso, foi estudada a resposta ao estimulo de jejum agudo e de realimentação, quanto aos parâmetros de: perda e ganho de peso, ingestão alimentar, níveis de leptina, insulina e glicemia, áreas das ilhotas de Langerhans e expressão da proteína Fos nos núcleos hipotalâmicos ARC, VMH, DMH e PVN. Como resultado, a anóxia neonatal modificou o peso corporal na idade adulta, sem afetar a ingestão alimentar diária, sugerindo que a diferença de peso é consequência de um desequilíbrio energético. Ademais, alterou a resposta ao estimulo de jejum e de realimentação, modificando a secreção de leptina e insulina, a perda de peso, a ingestão alimentar pós-jejum, o tamanho das ilhotas de Langerhans e a expressão de Fos no ARC. Estes resultados em conjunto, sugerem que a anóxia neonatal foi capaz de alterar o metabolismo energético dos ratos Wistar, repercutindo no desenvolvimento somático.
Title in English
Effects of neonatal anoxia in Wistar rats, somatic development, energy metabolism and related hypothalamic circuits
Keywords in English
Food intake
Growth
Hypothalamus
Insulin
Leptin
Abstract in English
Oxygen deficiency in the newborn is named anoxia, asphyxia, hypoxia, or neonatal hypoxia-ischemia. This condition reaches 0.24% of full-term infants, 0.51% of premature infants and approximately 60% of low birth weight preterm infants. Neonatal anoxia can have long-term consequences, such as cognitive and behavioral deficits, epilepsy and even cerebral palsy (14.5%). However, little has been studied about the metabolic and long-term changes caused by this stimulus. Thus, the objective of this work is to evaluate the effects of neonatal anoxia on somatic growth, energetic metabolism and related hypothalamic nuclei. For this purpose, neonatal anoxia was induced in Wistar rats (P2), and somatic growth and food intake were evaluated up to P90. In addition, we studied the response to acute fasting and feedback, as well as the parameters of loss and weight gain, food intake, leptin, insulin and glycemia levels, areas of the islets of Langerhans and expression of the Fos protein in ARC, VMH, DMH and PVN. As result, neonatal anoxia changed body weight in adulthood, without affecting daily dietary intake, suggesting that the difference in weight is a consequence of an energy imbalance. In addition, it altered the response to fasting and feedback stimuli, modifying leptin and insulin secretion, weight loss and post-fasting food intake, size of the islets of Langerhans, and expression of Fos in the ARC. These results together suggest that neonatal anoxia was able to alter the energy metabolism of Wistar rats, thus affecting somatic development.
 
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Publishing Date
2019-05-07
 
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