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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.41.2013.tde-13062013-092339
Document
Author
Full name
André Luis da Silva Casas
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2012
Supervisor
Committee
Ragazzo, Mônica de Toledo Piza (President)
Carvalho, Marcelo Rodrigues de
Menezes, Naercio Aquino
Moreira, Cristiano Luís Rangel
Silva, Alessio Datovo da
Title in Portuguese
Estudo da musculatura dorsal dos arcos branquiais de Characiformes (Teleostei: Ostariophysi): diversidade morfológica e significado filogenético.
Keywords in Portuguese
Arcos branquiais
Characiformes
Musculatura
Abstract in Portuguese
No presente estudo foi examinado em detalhe a anatomia da musculatura dorsal dos arcos branquiais de 70 espécies, pertencentes a 64 gêneros, representando todas as famílias atualmente reconhecidas de Characiformes. Um total de 22 músculos foram descritos e documentados para cada espécie examinada, e com base nas variações observadas foram propostos 33 caracteres exclusivos da musculatura dorsal dos arcos branquiais. De modo geral, muitos dos estados de caracteres observados estão amplamente distribuídos em espécies representantes de diversas famílias, variando muitas vezes em representantes da mesma família, com um número menor de caracteres restritos a alguns táxons. Uma análise filogenética incluindo apenas os caracteres de musculatura dorsal dos arcos branquiais resultou em 18829 cladogramas igualmente mais parcimoniosos (157 passos, IC=16 IR=34) com consenso estrito muito pouco resolvido devido não só ao reduzido número de caracteres em relação ao número de táxons, mas também há grande incongruência na distribuição dos estados de caracteres. Contudo, a discussão da variação observada neste complexo anatômico, em um contexto filogenético, tomando por base hipóteses já disponíveis na literatura sobre relações de parentesco na ordem Characiformes evidencia a presença de caracteres que corroboram a hipóteses baseadas em outros complexos de caracteres, em diversos níveis supraespecíficos
Title in English
Study of the dorsal musculature of the branchial arch of the Characiformes (Teleostei: Ostariophysi): morphologic diversity and phylogenetic significance
Keywords in English
Branchial arches
Characiformes
Musculature
Abstract in English
In the present study the anatomy of the dorsal gill-arch muscles of 70 species, comprising 64 genera, representing all currently recognized families of the Characiformes was examined in detail. A total of 22 muscles were described and documented for each examined species, and based on the variation observed 33 characters of the dorsal musculature of the gill arch were proposed. Overall, many of the observed character states are widely distributed across species in different families, and in many instances they vary within a single family, and a smaller number of characters states restricted to a few taxa. A phylogenetic analysis including only characters derived from the dorsal gill-arch musculature resulted in 18829 most parsimonious cladograms (157 steps, CI=16 RI=34), with a poorly resolved strict consensus, due not only to the reduced number of characters relative to the number of taxa, but also to the high level of incongruence in the distribution of characters states. However, the discussion of the variation observed in this anatomical complex, in the context of hypotheses available in the literature about phylogenetic relationships within the Characiformes, highlights the presence of various character states from the dorsal gill arch muscles that corroborate hypotheses based on different character complexes, at various supraespecific levels within the order
 
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Publishing Date
2013-06-21
 
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