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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.41.2012.tde-09012013-090053
Document
Author
Full name
Guilherme Ide Marques dos Santos
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2012
Supervisor
Committee
Casari, Sonia Aparecida (President)
Costa, Cleide
Freire, Marcela Laura Monné
Rosa, Simone Policena
Vanin, Sergio Antonio
Title in Portuguese
Análise cladística da tribo Megacephalini Laporte, 1834 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Cicindelinae)
Keywords in Portuguese
Análise cladística
Carabidae
Megacephalini
Abstract in Portuguese
A tribo Megacephalini é composta por 17 gêneros e aproximadamente 240 espécies distribuídas nos continentes americano, africano e Oceania e tem como principal sinapomorfia a carena pronotal lateral projetando-se além da margem anterior do prosterno. Essa tribo já sofreu muitas modificações e atualmente, como resultado de análises filogenéticas baseadas em dados moleculares e dados morfológicos de larvas, teve sua monofilia questionada existência duvidada. Foi feito um estudo filogenético baseado principalmente em caracteres morfológicos de adultos para testar a monofilia do grupo, assim como investigar as relações entre os subgrupos que o forma. Para tal, 233 caracteres foram levantados, sendo 232 relacionados à morfologia externa e um sobre a biologia; alguns caracteres foram estudados pela primeira vez em uma filogenia de Carabidae, com destaque para o escutelo, que se mostrou bastante informativo para os agrupamentos das subtribos. Os quatro cladogramas igualmente mais parcimoniosos (960 passos) obtidos revelaram que a tribo é monofilética, sendo necessário apenas excluir uma espécie da hipótese inicial (Callidema boussingaultii) e incluir um ou dois gêneros (Mantica e Manticora), inicialmente considerados externos à tribo. Além da confirmação da existência do grupo, foi apresentada uma nova hipótese de classificação, onde a tribo Megacephalini é formada por 3 subtribos: Manticorina, Oxycheilina e Megacephalina; Manticorina grupo-irmão das outras duas subtribos, estas formando juntas um grupo natural
Title in English
Cladistic analysis of the tribe Megacephalini Laporte, 1834 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Cicindelinae)
Keywords in English
Carabidae
Cladistic analysis
Megacephalini
Abstract in English
The tribe Megacephalini is composed of 17 genera and approximately 240 species spread throughout the Americas, Africa, Europe, and Oceania. The main synapomorphy of the group is the lateral pronotal ridge that extends beyond the anterior margin of the mesosternum. The classification of the tribe has undergone changes through the past few decades and recently, based on molecular characters and larval data, its validity has been questioned. A phylogenetic study based mainly on morphological data was done to test the monophyly of the group as well as to investigate the relations of its subgroups. For the analysis, 233 characters were used. From those, 232 related to the external morphology and one to the biology; some characters were used for the first time in a Carabidae phylogenetic study, such as the scutellum, which has proven to be very important for subtribes determination. The four most parsimonious trees (length = 960) show that the tribe is monophyletic, with the exclusion of one species (Callidema boussingaultii), and the addition of one or two genera (Mantica and Manticora), formerly not considered part of the tribe. In addition to the confirmation of the monophyly of the tribe, a new classification hypothesis is presented, in which the tribe is formed by three subtribes: Manticorina, Oxycheilina, and Megacephalina; Manticorina as sister group of the other two, and those together comprising a natural group
 
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Publishing Date
2013-09-13
 
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